Artikillar Artikllarning ikki turi mavjud Indefinite -a, an Definite -the Noaniq artikl (a, an) qadimiy ingliz tilidagi one

Aniq artikllar
Quyidagi holatlarda ish.

1.Qachonki ot o‘z aniqlovchisiga ega bo‘lsa:

The drawer of my writing table is locked.

2.Qaysi predmet yoki shaxs to‘g‘risida gap ketayotkani holatdan ko’rinib tursa:

Please close the window.
3.Avval tilga olingan predmet yoki shaxs ikkinchi marta ishlatilganda:
When I entered the room, I saw a man standing
at the window. The man was very old.
Lekin: At the part we saw a steamer of 6,000 tons.
4.Dunyoda yagona inson predmet to’g’risida gap ketkanda.
The earth is millions of kilometrs from the sun.

5.Aniq artikl muayyan turga oid predmetning dunyodagi barchasi to’g’risida gap ketganda ishlatiladi:

Lake Baikal is the deepest of all lakes in the world.
Give me a list of the students.

6.Solishtiring:

The students of our Institute learn foreign languages.
Bu yerda talablarning hammasi narzarda tutilyapti.

Lekin: The teaches English to students of our Institute.

Bu yerda esa talabalarning hammasi haqida gap ketyapti.

7.Birlikdagi ot shu turga oid predmet yoki shaxslarning barchasini nazarda tutkanda.

The dog is a friend of man.
Bunda insoniyatning do‘stlaridan biri haqida gap ketganligi sababli friend so‘zidan oldin noaniq artikl ishlatiladi.
Man so‘zi butun insoniyatni bildirganda artiklsiz ishlatiladi.

8.Sifatlar otlashganda:

The poor in New York in slums.
The wounded were taken to the hospital.

9.Bir predmetni boshqalaridan ajratib olinganda!

I liked the film that I saw yesterday.

10.Bunday holat ko‘plikda ham kuzatilishi mumkin:

The apples on that free are quite ripe.

11.Ot izohlari – aniqlovchi bilan ishlatilganda:

We went to the lake, which was very stormy that day.
Lekin: We have received a letter, which contains interesting information on the state of the rubber market.

12.Orttirma darajadagi sifat bilan ishlatilgan otlardan oldin:

Moscow has the best underground in the world.

13.Ishlatilayotgan ot same, next, following, last, very, only so‘zlari bilan ifodalanganda:

In capitalist countries woman do not get the same
wages as men.
She said that they were very busy but that they would
have more time the following week.
I found him in the last carriage of the train.
You are the very person I need.
This is the only book I have on this question.

14.Lekin: next so‘zi kelasi ma’nosida next week, next month, next year birikmalarida artiklsiz ishlatiladi.

Xuddi shunday last ham “o‘tgan” ma’nosida last week, last month, last year so‘zlarida artiklsz ishlatiladi.

15. Bundan tashqari otlar wrong right so‘zlari bilan ifodalanganda aniq artikl ishlatiladi.

I do wish we had not opened the door of the wrong room.

16. Tartib sonlar oldidan:

The office is on the second floor.
I took a seat in the third now.

17. Lekin tartib son keyingi yana bir ma’nosini anglatganda aniq artikl ishlatiladi.

A third man entered room.
He made experiment which proved his theory. He made a second, a third, a fourth experiment with the same result.
I rang the bell, but nobody answered it so I had to ring a second time.

18. Otlar ko‘plikda dona sonlar bilan ifodalanganda odatda artiklsiz ishlatiladi:

Two men entered the room.
We have chartered three steamers.

19.Lekin avval takidlangan narsa yoki shaxslar to‘g‘risida gaprilganda aniq artikl ishlatiladi.

Trade between Russia and Germany is steadily growing.
The exachange of goods between the two countries greatly increased in 1950.