Amea folklor institutu

Mmaia miqautaZe,
giga qamuSaZe
Aakaki wereTlis saxelmwifo universiteti, saqarTvelo
sametyvelo kodta SereviT gamowveuli semantikuri Taviseburebani imerxevelTa metyvelebaSi – II
Semantic peculiarities caused by mixing the speech codes in Imerkhevian speech – II
Maia Mikautadze
Giga Kamushadze
Akaki Tsereteli State Universit
Georgia
Imerkheviaan dialect of the Georgian literary language gives a very interesting picture of mixing the speech codes.
The influence of the Turkish language in the Imerkhevian Georgian people’s speech, who were separated from the literary Geogian language during the centuries is noticed on nearly every level, such as: phonetics, morphology, syntax, lexis.... The influence of the Turkish lingual elements is mainly felt in lexis.
The article deals with the peculiarities of the semantic changes in Georgian lexical units that are caused by the Georgian-Turkish linguo-cultural interference in the Imerkhevian dialect of the Georgian literary language.
Some lexical units in Imerkhevian dialect, except its traditional meaning, have unusual semantic meaning different from the Georgian literary language and other Georgian dialects.
According to the co-existence with the Turkish lingual world nearly all the Imerkhevians (except some elderly people) speak the state language - Turkish. Education process is naturally in Turkish language, and it is also used in families and everyday communication. There are all main five subtypes of code-switching in Imerkhevian. The work deals with the Calque switching, mainly with the fact that lexico-grammatical calques are created in the A language/dialect (Georgian) influenced by the B language/dialect (Turkish).
The following lexical units are analyzed in the given work: to fall (with the meaning of hit), to water (to water something), to drink (to water something), to sing, to steal (with the meaning of kidnapping), to keep fast.
The theme of analyses is the material gained by the expedition of Kartveluri Dialectology Research Institute at Akaki Tsereteli State University in different villages of Imerkhevi (Iveti, Impkhrevli, Korkileti, Bazgireti, Ziosi, Diobani, Tskalsimeri, Tsetileti, Surevani, Parnuxi...) in 2006-2011.
The analyzed material has shown that in the Imerkhevian dialect of the Georgian language, according to the influence of the Turkish literary language or dialects and mixing the speech codes, we have the spontaneous calc switching. Accordingly, these switching causes the semantic changes of the words. The basis of the difference and peculiarity of the semantic forms, caused by mixing the speech codes, is the total bilingualism of Imerkhevian Georgians.
saqarTvelos istoriuli mxare _ imerxevi dRes Sedis TurqeTis respublikis arTvinis ilis (vilaieTis) SavSeTis ilCeSi (raionSi).
qarTuli saliteraturo enis imerxeuli dialeqti Zalze saintereso suraTs xatavs sametyvelo kodebis Serevis TvalsazrisiT.
saukuneebis manZilze samwignobro qarTuls daSorebul imerxevel qarTvelTa metyvelebaSi Turquli enis gavlena met-naklebad yvela doneze SeimCneva: fonetikaSi, morfologiaSi, sintaqssa da leqsikaSi... Turquli enobrivi elementebis moZaleba gansakuTrebiT leqsikaSi igrZnoba.
naSromSi ganxilulia qarTuli saliteraturo enis imerxeul dialeqtSi qarTul-Turquli lingvokulturuli interferenciis Sedegad saerToqarTveluri leqsikuri erTeulebis semantikuri cvlilebebis Taviseburebani.
imerxeul dialeqtSi zog leqsikur erTeuls, tradiciuli mniSvnelobis garda, uCveulo, qarTuli saliteraturo enisa da sxva qarTveluri dialeqtebisagan gansxvavebuli semantikuri datvirTvac eZebneba. es gansxvavebuli Sinaarsobrivi elferi ki udavod Turqul-qarTuli lingvo-kulturuli urTierTobebis Sedegad SeiZines.
Turqul enobriv samyarosTan xangrZlivi Tanaarsebobis gamo, dRes TiTqmis yvela imerxeveli (zogierTi Rrmad moxucis garda) flobs saxelmwifo enas – Turquls. swavla-ganaTleba, bunebrivia, Turqul enazea; aseve, sakmaod xSirad iyeneben mas ojaxebSi Tu Cveulebrivi yofiTi urTierTobebis dros.
imerxeulSi kod-sviCingis (ingl. Switching “gadarTva”) xuTive ZiriTadi qvetipia warmodgenili. rogorc cnobilia, kod-sviCingi spontanuri, gauazrebeli procesia da gvxvdeba mxolod sruli bilingvizmis an diglosiis SemTxvevaSi.
winamdebare naSromSi yuradRebas vamaxvilebT kalkur gadarTvaze (Calque switching), romelic gulisxmobs _ A enaSi/dialeqtSi, B enis/dialeqtis gavleniT, leqsikur-gramatikuli kalkebis spontanurad warmoqmnas (m. labaZe, 2010, gv. 114).
saanalizod warmodgenilia 2006-2011 wlebSi akaki wereTlis saxelmwifo universitetis qarTveluri dialeqtologiis institutis mier organizebuli eqspediciebis dros imerxevis sxvadasxva sofეlSi (iveTi, imfxrevli, qoqlieTi, bazgireTi, ziosi, diobani, wyalsimeri, weTileTi, surevani, farnuxi...) Cawerili dialeqturi masala.
gaanalizebuli gvaqvs iseTi leqsikur-gramatikuli erTeulebi, romlebic gvixataven rogorc sintaqsuri, aseve leqsikuri kalkirebis suraTs:
leqsikuri kalkirebis nimuSebia, magaliTad: