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polikristall kremnij olishning monosilanli texnologiyasi va kremnij strukturalarini yaratishning ionli stimullashgan usullari

 
Fig. 2.
9
. The dependence of linear size (a) and density (b) of nano
-
islands on ion energy 
The role of the elementary charge in the process of nucleation was studied. 
The contribution of the elementary charge, localized in the nucleus to reduce the 
free energy of the nucleus. The defect formation due the bombardment of the 
silicon surface by germanium ions and the distribution of point defects in depth 
layers was studied by Monte Carlo method.
Analysis of a block of Ge islands 
obtained from partially ionized flows showed that the ions effectively influence the 
processes of formation of islands, their density, size and distribution. The 
following experiments were carried out at relatively low ion energies of a
bout 100-
Fig. 2.
8
. The STM images of 
nano
-
islands under 
bombardment by ions of 
different energy (0, 600, 1000, 
1500 V В from right to left 
and from top to bottom) 
120 


600 eV.
At the same time, super
-
dense array of islands (5h1011 cm 2) maximum 
narrowing of the distribution function were formed at ion energy of 200 eV.
2.4. Ion-
stimulated relaxation of stresses in heterostructures
 
Another important application of ion-stimulated methos is the management 
of stress relaxation in ultrathin layers.
Because of great parameter mismatch of the 
lattice of Ge and Si (4.12 %), the germanium and silicon
-germanium alloys 
produced in the process of pseudomorphic epitaxial grow
th on the silicon 
substrates are elastically stressed and during the further growth or annealing for 
higher temperatures they relax. It is known that relaxation of elastic stresses in the 
epitaxial silicon
-germanium layers takes place when the thickness of 
the epitaxial 
layes exceeds a value of the critical one; that can be done by introducing 
mismatch 
dislocation
s at the boundary. The segments of introduced dislocations go through 
the growing epitaxial layer. Dislocations in the epitaxial layer significant
ly worsen 
the layer characteristics, which leads to limiting the use of such structures for 
creation of electronic and optical devices. It is also known that the effects of 
stresses in heterostructures can also improve operation of electronic devices owing 
to deformation of the forbidden zone. The high
-effective field transistors could be 
obtained by controlling carrier mobility in channels and other parameters of SiGe 
structures. The so called virtual substrates containing the SiGe layers of the silicon 
substrates provide a reliable method of heterostructure arrangements unsuitable for 
this purpose because of stresses caused by lattice mismatch. The problem to be 
solved is full or partial removal of stresses in superthin layers of SiGe owing to 
relaxation control. Within this study a method of controlling stress relaxation under 
ion bombardment during the growth of the SiGe layers on silicon has been 
proposed. The experiments were performed to study the mechanisms and processes 
of epitaxial layer growth unde
r ion bombardment during the growth. A degree of 
the layer stresses was defined (Fig. 2.
10
) with the use of the spectra of combination 
scattering by a Raman spectrometer.

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