Star Trek
, only safer and
cheaper (if a bit slower). It’s likely that, without yet recognizing it, we are
seeing a celebrity death match take shape between Uber and Amazon for
control of the last mile. Meanwhile, FedEx, UPS, and DHL are about to get a
lesson in disruption.
Uber checks almost every box in the T Algorithm: differentiated product,
access to visionary capital, global reach, big data skills. That said, beyond
execution (no small thing) Uber has only one obstacle, but it is a significant
one, to getting to a trillion-dollar valuation: likability. Uber faces challenges
on this factor along two fronts.
First, its CEO is an asshole, or at least he’s perceived as an asshole. This
fact gave rise to a few instances where consumers were encouraged to delete
the app, and many did. Where the firm likely lost $10 billion plus in value in
forty-eight hours was not the number of people who deleted the app, but the
discovery of substitutes, as Uber isn’t vertical, and Lyft was able to access
many of the same drivers. It’s not just the CEO throwing up on himself. In
2014, an Uber senior vice president suggested—in the presence of a
journalist—that Uber hire opposition researchers to dig up dirt on journalists
who wrote unflattering stories about the company. There have been a series
of reports that Uber management uses the technology’s ability to track riders
in real time for entertainment or other personal reasons, including members
of the press.
27
In France, Uber ran an ad campaign that, at best, was sexist,
and arguably suggested that Uber was a great way to hire an escort service.
28
In 2016, Uber paid a $20,000 fine as part of an investigation by the New
York attorney general into the misuse of its tracking capability.
29
Worst of all, Uber’s likability took a major hit with Susan Fowler’s
corporate sexual discrimination charges in February 2017.
30
Actions by
midlevel and C-level management ranged from callous to reprehensible in
dozens of instances. Scrappy start-ups can sometimes get away with this sort
of thing, but industry giants are expected to display greater maturity. Heads
should have rolled, and some did, if months later. In June 2017, despite
recommendations by external counsel that sought to reallocate the
responsibilities of Kalanick, the board initially didn’t fire Kalanick; instead
he announced he was taking an unlimited leave of absence. The leave of
absence narrative showed poor judgment on the part of the board, letting a
bad situation get worse. Under pressure from investors, Kalanick resigned the
following week. He is clearly a gifted visionary who’s built something world
changing. But as the firm enters a new stage, it needs a CEO with a new
focus and crisis-proof management skills. Uber is now worth more than
Volkswagen, Porsche, and Audi, and thousands of families and investors are
reliant on the firm and its leadership. This is no longer about Travis, and the
firm shouldn’t have to see if his frat-rock behavior takes effect or he relapses.
Will this controversy hurt Uber? Yes, but there will be a lag, and not where
you think. Consumers talk a big game about social responsibility and then
buy phones and little black dresses manufactured in factories where people
kill themselves and pour mercury into the water. Uber has an outstanding
product, and revenue growth will continue to accelerate. Where it hurts is in
the distraction among management, costing them the ability to attract and
retain the best talent—where the war is won or lost in a digital age.
Beyond the PR and management crises, Uber’s likability risk comes from a
more fundamental place than management’s bro behavior. Uber is
undoubtedly a disruptor in the great tradition of Silicon Valley disruptors.
Unfortunately for Uber, the market it’s disrupting is a heavily regulated one,
and Uber benefits greatly by its attitude that it is not subject to the same
regulations as traditional taxis. It believes, and the market has rewarded this
belief, that it can hire whomever it wants to drive, and it can charge whatever
it wants. Meanwhile, its taxi competition has no such freedom in most
markets. Nor does Uber necessarily play fair with its ride-sharing
competitors, such as Lyft. There have been several reported incidents of Uber
employees engaged in organized efforts to sabotage the competition by
ordering and canceling rides from those competitors repeatedly—something
like a real-world denial-of-service attack.
31
At an even broader level, Uber’s business model has been attacked for
undermining employment relationships and creating unstable, low-wage
work that can dry up without recourse. The company maintains that it doesn’t
run a car service at all, but rather it provides an app that allows drivers to
share their cars for a fee.
32
This has raised a host of concerns about driver
insurance and benefits, what sort of safety and security obligations Uber has,
and other issues.
Hence the #DeleteUber movement that sprung up in minutes in February
2017 and led to an estimated 200,000 Uber users quitting their account with
the company over claims that Uber was trying to exploit users during a taxi
strike at JFK Airport over protests of President Trump’s immigration
executive order. The claim was that Uber used the strike to market itself to
desperate protesters stuck at the airport. That the story wasn’t really true
didn’t matter—it was a glimpse into the disquiet even loyal users feel about
Uber’s methods.
33
The world is still trying to figure out if Uber is good for us, or not. Uber
may be a glimpse into what the future looks like in a digital economy:
incredible apps providing a remarkable consumer experience subsidized by
swooning investors—but also millions of low-paying jobs and a small
segment of society splitting a herculean windfall. Thousands of lords,
millions of serfs.
Walmart
Walmart may have let Amazon leap to an early lead in the race to be the
dominant retailer of the digital age, but it’s not out of the race yet. With
nearly 12,000 stores in 28 countries, it generated more revenue than any other
company in the world in 2015, as it has every year in this century.
34
When the world was moving online, Walmart was starting to look like a
dinosaur. But as companies are realizing that online commerce can only
thrive long term when it’s embedded in a real-world infrastructure that
includes stores, Walmart is still a force to be reckoned with. It has decades of
experience managing tight inventories and efficient delivery systems, and its
12,000 stores can be 12,000 warehouses, 12,000 customer service centers,
and 12,000 showrooms. Add in that some customers actually
live
in their
RVs in Walmart parking lots, and you have a very interesting market
advantage.
35
In late 2016 Walmart acquired
Jet.com
for $3 billion, or $6.5 million per
employee.
Jet.com
had no viable business model (needed to get to $20 billion
in revenue to break even) and was spending $5 million a week on advertising
when the deal went through. However, it has a horseman skill: storytelling.
Dynamic pricing, as told by the founder of a firm acquired by Amazon,
Quidsi, made Marc Lore a potential savior. I believe
Jet.com
was the
equivalent of $3 billion hair plugs purchased by a retailer in a full-blown
midlife crisis. However, to be fair, the firm does seem to have gotten its
groove back regarding e-commerce. Lore has pushed for operational
efficiency, price transparency, and savings via in-store pickup.
36
We’ll see.
But Walmart seeking Botox is just the beginning. The firm has access to
immense capital, but it’s not cheap, as the firm trades at a multiple of profits,
which is customary for a retail firm. When the Arkansan retailer announced
earnings would take a hit, as they were (rightfully) increasing CapEx to
compete with Amazon, the next day the firm shed the equivalent of Macy’s
from its market cap.
In addition, Walmart is not very likable, as they are the largest employer in
the world with more minimum-wage workers than any other U.S. company
but also populate the wealthiest people in the world list with a host of Walton
kids, who are worth more than the bottom 40 percent of American
households. Finally, if you ever wondered who are the people and households
that don’t own a smartphone or have broadband, look no further. It’s the
Walmart shopper. The term
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |