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Another author considers a disaster even the early period when Lenin and the Communist
Party called upon the Jews to help with state governance, and the call was heard, and the great
masses of Jews from the
shtetls of the hated Pale moved into the capital and the big cities, closer
to the avant-garde of the Revolution; he states that “… the formation of the Bolshevik régime
that had turned the greater part of Jews into déclassé, impoverished and exiled them and
destroyed their families” was a catastrophe for the “majority of the Jewish population.”
Well, that depends on one’s point of view. And the author himself later notes: in the
1920s and 1930s, the “children of déclassé Jewish petty bourgeois were able to
graduate from the
technical institutes and metropolitan universities and to become commanders of the great
developments.” Then his reasoning becomes vague: “in the beginning of the century the main
feature of Jewish activity was a fascination with the idea of building a new fair society”– yet the
army of revolution “consisted of plain rabble — all those who were nothing, [a quote from
The
Internationale].” Then, after the consolidation of the régime “that rabble decided to implement
their motto and to become all [also a quote from
The Internationale, and finished off their own
leaders…. And so in the kingdom of rabble unlimited totalitarianism was established.” And, in
this context, the Jews had nothing to do with it, except that they were among the victimized
leaders. And the purge continued for four decades until the mid-1950s; then the last bitter pill,
according to the scenario of disappointments was prescribed to the remaining “charmed” Jews.
Again we see the same angle: the entirety of Soviet history was one of unending oppression and
exclusion of the Jews.
Yet now they wail in protest in unison: “We did not elect this régime!”
Or even “it is not possible to cultivate a loyal Soviet élite among them [the Jews].” Oh
my God, was not this method working flawlessly for 30 years, and only later coming undone? So
where did all those glorious and famous names whom we’ve seen in such numbers come from?
And why were their eyes kept so tightly shut that they couldn’t see the essence of Soviet
rule for thirty to forty years? How is it that that their eyes were opened only now? And what
opened them?
Well, it was mostly because of the fact that now that power had suddenly turned around
and began pushing the Jews not only out of its ruling and administrative circles, but out of
cultural and scientific establishements also. “The disappointment was so fresh and sore, that we
did not have the strength, nor the courage to tell even our children about it.” And what about the
children? For the great majority of them the main motivation was the same — graduate school,
career, and so on. Yet soon they would have to examine their situation more closely.
* * *
In the 1970s we see examples of rather amazing agreement of opinion, unthinkable for
the past half a century.
For instance, Shulgin wrote in 1929: “We must acknowledge our past. The flat denial
claiming that the Jews are to blame for nothing — neither for the Russian Revolution, nor for the
consolidation of Bolshevism, nor for the horrors of the communism — is the worst way
possible…. It would be a great step forward if this groundless tendency to blame all the troubles
of Russia on the Jews could be somewhat differentiated. It would be already great if any
contrasts could be found.”
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Fortunately, such contrasts, and even more — comprehension, and even remorse — were
voiced by some Jews. And combined with honest
mindx and rich life experience, they were quite
clear. And this brings hope.
Here’s Dan Levin, an American intellectual who immigrated to Israel: “It is no accident,
that none of the American writers who attempted to describe and explain what happened to
Soviet Jewry, has touched this important issue — the Jewish responsibility for the
communism…. In Russia, the people’s anti-Semitism is largely due to the fact that the Russians
perceive the Jews as the cause of all the evil of the revolution. Yet American writers — Jews and
ex-Communists … do not want to resurrect the ghosts of the past. However, oblivion is a terrible
thing.”
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Simultaneously, another Jewish writer, an émigré from the Soviet Union, published: “The
experience of the Russian (Soviet) Jewry, in contrast to that of the European Jewry, whose
historical background is the experience of a collision with
the forces of outer evil, requires a look
not from inside out but rather of introspection and inner self-examination. In this reality we saw
only one Jewish spirituality — that of the Commissar — and its name was Marxism.” Or he
writes about “our young Zionists who demonstrate so much contempt toward Russia, her
rudeness and savagery, contrasting all this with the worthiness of the ancient Jewish nation. I
saw pretty clearly, that those who today sing hosanna to Jewry, glorifying it in its entiriety
(without the slightest sense of guilt or the slightest potential to look inside), yesterday were
saying: ‘I wouldn’t be against the Soviet régime, if it was not anti-Semitic,´ and two days ago
they beat their breasts in ecstasy: `Long live the great brotherhood of nations! Eternal Glory to
the
Father and Friend, the genius Comrade Stalin!´”
But today, when it is clear how many Jews were in the iron Bolshevik leadership, and
how many more took part in the ideological guidance of a great country onto the wrong track —
should the question not arise among modern Jews as to some sense of responsibility for the
actions of
those Jews? It should be asked in general: shouldn’t there be a kind of moral
responsibility — not a joint liability, yet the responsibility
to remember and to acknowledge? For
example, modern Germans accept liability to Jews directly, both morally and materially, as
perpetrators are liable to the victims: for many years they have paid compensation to Israel and
personal compensation to surviving victims.
So what about Jews? When Mikhail Kheifets, whom I repeatedly cite in this work, after
having been through labor camps, expressed the grandeur of his character by repenting on behalf
of his people for the evil committed by the Jews in the Soviet Union in the name of communism,
he was bitterly ridiculed.
The whole educated society,
the cultured circle, had genuinely failed to notice any
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