2: 00 – It’s two o’clock. 2: 30 – It’s half past two. 2: 05

Active: Someone sent Helen some flowers. – Kimdir Helenga gular jo’natdi.
Passive: a) Helen was sent some flowers. – Helenga gullar jo’natishdi.
b) Some flowers were sent to Helen. – Bir nechta gullar Helenga jo’natildi.
Birinchi usul ko’proq ishlatiladi, chunki biz ko’proq shaxsga qiziqamiz (Helen) narsaga emas (bir necha gullar.)

Unit 14
Reported Speech – O’zlashtirma gaplar
* Ko’chirma gaplar bu kimdir aytgan gaplarning o’zgartirilmagan ko’rinishidir. Biz ko’chirma gaplarni (‘ ‘) qo’shtirnoq ichiga olamiz.
‘I’m very tired; Mary said. Men juda charchadim dedi Meri.
* O’zlashtirma gaplar bu kimdir aytgan gapning ma’nosi jihatida o’zginasi ammo so’zlari har xil bo’ladi.
Biz o’zlashtirma gaplarni. (‘ ‘) qo’shtirnoq ichiga olmaymiz. Biz kirish fe’lidan keyin that ni ishlatsak ham bo’ladi, ishlatmasak ham bo’ladi.
Mary said (that) she was very tired.
Meri dediki u juda charchaganini.
Say – tell
Biz say fe’lini quyidagi holatlarda ishlatamiz:
* Biz say ni to predlogisiz ham ko’chirma gapda, ham o’zlashtirma gapda ishlatishimiz mumkin, agar albatta kimga gap gapirilgan shaxs ishlatilmasa.
Jerry said, ‘I need some money.’ Jeri dedi, menga pul kerak.
Jerry said (that) he needed some money. Jeri aytdi u pulga muhtoj ekanligini.
* Gap kimga gapirilgan shaxs bor bo’lsa ko’chirma gapda ham, o’zlashtirma gapda ham say dan keyin too ishlatiladi.
Jerry said to me, ‘I need some money.’ Jeri menga aytdi, menga pul kerak.
Jerry said to me (that) he needed some money.
Jeri menga aytdi u pulga muhtoj ekanligini.
* Quyidagi iboralar bilan: say good morning/afternoon – Hayrli tong/tushlikdan keyin demoq, say something – biror narsa demoq, say one’s prayers – iltijo qilmoq, say so – shunday demoq.
* Biz tell fe’lini to predlogisiz ishlatamiz:
* Biz gapirgan shaxs bilan, tell ham ko’chirma gaplarda ham o’zlashtirma gaplarda ham ishlatiladi.
Jerry told me, ‘I need some money.’ Menga pul kerak, dedi Jeri menga.
Jerry told me (that) he needed some money. Jeri menga shuni dediki u pulga muhtojligini.
(Bu gap xato: Jerry told to me that he…)
* Quyidagi iboralar bilan tell ishlatiladi.