2: 00 – It’s two o’clock. 2: 30 – It’s half past two. 2: 05

Majhul nisbat zamonlarda ish-harakatni qilgan shaxsni tanishtirish muhim bo’lsagina ko’rsatiladi.
Australia was discovered by Captain Cook.
Avstraliya Kapitan Kuk tomonidan kashf qilingan.
(Kapitan Kuk tomonidan – to’ldiruvchini kimligini ko’rsatish muhim.)
* To’ldiruvchi quyidagi holatlarda ko’rsatilmaydi:
a) Noaniq bo’lsa
jim’s car was stolen last night. Jimning moshinasi o’tkan tun o’g’irlanib ketildi.
(Biz bilmaymiz jimning moshinasini kim o’g’irlab ketganligini.)
b) Bu narsa muhim bo’lmasa.
Champagne is made in France.
Shampan vinosi Fransiyada ishlab chiqariladi.
(Ish-harakatni bajaruvchisi muhim emas)
c) Konteksdan ko’rinib turgan bo’lsa.
The bank robbers are being chased.
Bank o’g’rilarini quvlashyaptilar.
(Bu aniq militsiya ularni quvlashyotgani.)
Turning the active into the passive.
Aniq nisbat zamonlarini Majhul nisbat zamonlariga aylantirish.
a) Aniq nisbat zamondagi to’ldiruvchi majhul nisbat zamonda egaga aylanadi.
b) aniq nisbatdagi fe’l majhul nisbatdagi fe’lga o’zgartiriladi.
c) aniq nisbatdagi ega majhul nisbatda to’ldiruvchiga o’zgaradi.
Subject verb object
Active: Kim↑ baked↑ a cake↑. Kim keks yopdi.
Subject verb agent
Passive: A cake↑ was baked↑ by Kim↑. Keks kim tomonidan yopildi.


Quyidagi jadvalni o’rganing:
Present simple
Active: She types the letters. – U xatlar yozadi.
Passive: The letters are typed. – Xatlar yoziladi.
Present continuous
Active: She is typing the letters. – U xatlar yozayapti.
Passive: The letters are being typed. Xatlar yozilayapti.
Past simple
Active: She typed the letters. – U xatlar yozgan edi.