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фойдаланиш самарадорлигини ошириш чора-тадбирлари‖ тўғрисидаги 2018 йил 3 апрель,
258-сонли Қарори.
3.Ўзбекистон Республикаси Президентининг 2017 - 2021 йилларда ўзбекистон
республикасини ривожлантиришнинг бешта устувор йўналиши бўйича ҳаракатлар
стратегиясини «Фаол тадбиркорлик, инновацион ғоялар ва технологияларни қўллаб-
қувватлаш йили»да амалга оширишга оид давлат дастури тўғрисидаги 2018 йил 22 январь,
ПФ-5308-сон Фармони.
4.Портер, Майкл, Конкуренция.: Пер. с англ.: Уч. пос. -М .: Издательский дом
―Вильямс‖, 2000. - 495 с
FAUNA OF SHELL MOLLUSKS OF THE “SHURKUL” RESERVOIR
Boimurodov Kh.T., Hojiyev M.B., Saidkulov J.R.
Samarkand State University
The reservoir is located in the lower reaches of the Zarafshan oasis. The
―Shurkul‖ reservoir was given to exploitation in 1977, and has a volume of 170
million m3. Basically the reservoir is fed by the river Zarafshan. The maximum
height of the dam of the reservoir is 14.5 m. and the maximum water capacity of
the reservoir is 350 m3/cm. The study of shell mollusks in Central Asia and
Uzbekistan are of great importance in the monographs of V.I. Greedy "Family of
Inionidae MDH" (1938), which outlines the main types of mollusks common in the
Amudarya river basins in Central Asia. In addition, shell mollusks of the ―Shurkul‖
reservoir were studied by such scientists as Z.I. Izzatullaev (2010, 2014), Kh.T.
Boymurodov (2009, 2017).
In 2009-2017, more than 220 samples of shell mollusks were collected in the
waters of the reservoir and nearby basins, and the species composition of the shell
mollusks, their ecological group, biotopes and distribution in water types were
studied. Samples of these mollusks were studied by the methods of V.I. Jadina
(1938, 1952), Ya.I. Starobogatov, Z.I. Izzatullaeva (1984), Z.I. Izzatullaeva and
H.T. Boimurodova (2009) [1].
Along with the manual collection of shell mollusks in the ―Shurkul‖
reservoir,
other methods of collection were used by us. In summer, there is the empty shell of
the mollusks Sinonodonta gibba, S. orbicularis on the banks of the reservoir.
Sinonodonta gibba, S. Orbicularis, included
in the ecological group of
peloreophils, occur in the reservoir space with a frequency of 1-2 pieces per 1m2.
The species of shell mollusks Sinonodonta puerorum was collected by us in
the lower currents of the reservoir.
In recent years, new channels and reservoirs have been built and continue to
be built in the Amudarya, Sirdarya and Zarafshan rivers. As a result of these huge
changes, along with the development of new territories, the habitat of mollusks is
expanding. Along with the breeding of fish, in the ―Shurkul‖ reservoir, fry of shell
mollusks Sinonodonta and Collepterum are common. In biotopes of the right bank
of the ―Shurkul‖ reservoir, collepterum cyreum sogdianum is distributed, occurring
at a depth of 2.5-3 meters.
342
As a result of our research, 9 species and 1 subspecies of shell mollusks
belonging to 2 families and 4 species were found in the biotopes of the ―Shurkul‖
reservoir [2] .
In addition, in the course of
our research, the density of the shell mollusks was
specially studied. If the species Sinonodonta and Collepterum of the Unionidae
family meet with a frequency of 1-2 pieces per 1 m2, then the species Corbicu cor.
C.purpurea, Corbiculina Tibetensis of the corbicula group of the Sinonodonta
family occur at a frequency of 2–4 pieces per m2.
The difference in the density of shell mollusks, ecological and biological
features of mollusks. It is associated with the laws of interbiotics propagation.
With the creation of the ―Shurkul‖ reservoir, the living conditions and
reproduction of shell mollusks have improved. When forming the fauna of shell
mollusks of the reservoir, this process influenced the development of fish farming
and the climatization of fish to this region.
The water temperature of the reservoir primarily affects the mass of water and
the state of the atmosphere, and then the temperature and amount of groundwater,
sources of saturation and other factors of water flowing into the reservoir [3].
The water temperature of the reservoir is important in the implementation of
the water filtration process in the distribution and feeding of the thesauruses of
Sinonodonta gibba, S. Orbicularis and other shell mussels.
The temperature and
glaciation of the water of the Shurkul reservoir is of great importance in the
national economy, as well as in the life of the organic world of the shell mussels. In
the course of research, we studied such inhabitants of the Shurkul reservoir as
peloreophils Sinonodonta gibba, S. Orbicularis, S. Puerorum, Corbicula cor., C.
Purpurea, Corbiculina tibetensis, and the ecological group of riophiles Collepterum
cyreum sogdianum. In the reservoir, species of the ecological group of riophiles are
also common by 14% and peloreophils by 86%.
As a conclusion, we can say that we found 6 species and 1 subspecies of the
shell mollusks of the Shurkul reservoir related to 2 families and 4 species.
Summary
In the biotopes of the ―Shurkul‖ reservoir
located in the lower
reaches of the Zarafshan River, 6 species and 1 subspecies of shell mollusks have
been identified. In the reservoir, species of the ecological group of riophiles are
also common by 14% and peloreophils by 86%.
Keywords: Water temperature, sources of saturation, peloreophils, riophiles,
Sinonodonta gibba, S. Orbicularis, S. Puerorum, Corbicula cor., C. Purpurea,
Corbiculina tibeyensis, Collepterum cyreum sogdianum, species
composition, fish
distribution, mollusk density.
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