Transitive and intransitive verbs (o’timli va o’timsiz fe’llar)

Non-finite forms of the verb

(Fe’lning shaxsi noma’lum shakllari)

1. Fe’lning shaxsi noma’lum shakllari shaxsni, sonni, va maylni ko’rsatmaydi, shuning uchun ham ular gapda kesim bo’lib kelaolmaydi. Fe’lning shaxsi noma’lum shakllarining 2 xil xususiyatlari bor. Sifatdoshda fe’llik va sifatlik xususiyatlari mavjud. Gerund va infinitivda fe’llik va otlik xususiyatlari mavjud.

Infinitive

1. Infinitive bu “to” yuklamasini oladigan fe’lning birinchi shaklidir. Gapda infinitive quyidagi vazifalarda keladi: 1) Ega vazifasida: To read is useful. O’qish foydalidir. 2) Ot kesim tarkibida: Your duty is to inform us. Sening vazifang bizni xabardor qilish. 3) Fe’l kesim tarkibida keladi: She began to translate the article. U maqolani tarjima qila boshladi. 4) To’ldiruvchi bo’lib keladi: I asked him to help me. Men undan menga yordam berishini so’radim. 5) Aniqlovchi bo’lib keladi; He expressed a desire to help me. U menga yordam berish istagini bildirdi. 6) Hol bo’lib keladi: I went to the station to see off my friend. Men do’stimni kuztish uchun vokzalga bordim.

2. Infinitivning zamon va nisbat shakllari bor.

	Active	Passive
Simple Continuous Perfect Perfect Continuous	to ask – so’ramoq to be asking – so’rayotgan bo’lmoq to have asked – so’ragan bo’lmoq to have been asking-so’rayotgan bo’l-q	to be asked so’ralmoq to have been asked so’ralgan bo’lmoq

I want to study – Men ta’lim olishni xohlayman.

I want to be studying now – Men hozir o’qiyotgan bo’lishni xohlayman.

I want to have been studying since 2005–Men 2005-y-dan buyon o’qiyotgan bo’lishni xoh.

I want to be taught – Men o’qitilishini xohlayman.

I want to have been taught – Men o’qitilgan bo’lishni xohlayman.