Transitive and intransitive verbs (o’timli va o’timsiz fe’llar)

Lekin: would rather birikmasidan keyin Ega + Kesim kelsa o’tgan zamon shaklidagi fe’l ishlatiladi: I would rather cook the dinner. Men yaxshisi kechki ovqatni pishiraman. I would rather she cooked the dinner now. Men hozir kechki ovqatni u pishirsa yaxshi deb o’ylayman. c) make-majbur qilmoq, c) let-ruxsat bermoq, see-ko’rmoq, watch-kuzatmoq, hear-eshitmoq, feel-his qilmoq, notice – payqab qolmoq, fe’llaridan keyin to’ldiruvchi keladi va infinitive “to” yuklamasisiz ishlatiladi: He made me read this book. U meni bu kitobni o’qishga majbur qildi. I let him go home. Men uni uyiga ketishga ruxsat berdim. I saw her dance. Men uni raqsga tushganini ko’rdim.

Lekin: Ushbu fe’llar majhul nisbatta kelsa, ya’ni ushbu fe’llarning oldidan “am, is, are, was, were” yordamchi fe’llari kelsa unda “to” li infinitive ishlatiladi: I was made to do it. Meni buni bajarishga majbur qilishdi. He was seen to leave the room. Uni xonani tark etganini ko’rishdi.

11. Gapdagi Infinitivning inkor shakli faqat “not” yuklamasi bilan yasaladi: We decided not to go out because of the rain. Yomg’ir tufayli biz tashqariga chiqmaslikka qaror qildik. He pretended not to see me. U meni ko’rmaganlikka oldi. You had better not go out. Sen yaxshisi tashqariga chiqma.

12. “Dare” mustaqil fe’lidan keyin ham “to”li ham “to”siz infinitive ishlatilaveradi: I don’t dare to ask my teacher a question. = I don’t dare ask my teacher a question. Men o’qituvchimdan savol so’rashga jur’at etolmayman.

Lekin “Dare” modal fe’lidan keyin “to” siz infinitive ishlatiladi: Dare you tell him about the accident. Siz unga falokat haqida aytishga jur’at qilaolasizmi? He daren’t come here alone. U bu yerga yolg’iz kelishga jur’at qilolmaydi.

13. “help”-yordam bermoq, fe’lidan keyin ham “to”li ham “to”siz infinitive kelaveradi: He helped me to move the table = He helped me move the table. U menga stolni siljitishga yordam berdi.

14. Would like-xohlamoq, would love-istamoq, would hate-yomon ko’rmoq, would prefer-afzal ko’rmoq birikma fe’llaridan keyin hamisha “to” li infinitive ishlatiladi: I would prefer to have dinner with my friend. Men do’stim bilan tushlik qilishni afzal ko’raman. I would love to tavel round the world. Men dunyo bo’ylab sayohat qilishni istardim.

Izoh: O’tgan zamonda biror narsani bajarmagan yoki bajara olmaganlikdan afsuslanishda “would like, would love, would hate would prefer” birikma fe’llaridan keyin “to” li infinitivning Perfect shakli ishlatiladi: We would like to have gone on holiday but we didn’t. Biz ta’tilga borishni istardik lekin bormadik. I would love to have passed the exam. Men imtihondan o’tgan bo’lishi istardim.