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How could land-use planning processes aim to create more diversity?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

How could land-use planning processes aim to create more diversity?
To torture the above tree metaphor a bit further, we can create more diversity by 
splicing
on more 


206
Positive Development
branches [Box 45]. We have said that replacing trees with buildings designed ‘like trees’ does not 
create habitat, biodiversity or eco-services. However, we can increase the range and diversity of 
(metaphorical) ‘trees’ in the long term by creating the infrastructure and systems conditions that 
improve whole systems health. Urban planning and design, again, should create the conditions for 
natural systems to function. By analogy, fostering the conditions for bacteria that have symbiotic 
relations with root systems is the way to achieve true bottom–up planning. In contrast to this 
rhizomatic approach, incremental processes are like selective breeding or pruning, which can create 
urban morphologies that are too specialized and non-adaptive. Instead of mitigating the impacts of 
development after the design stage, planning can enhance the opportunities for ecosystems within 
the structure of urban development. By ‘splicing’ on new branches or infrastructure for eco-services, 
planning could enrich the eco-productivity and diversity of life. This requires planning for the 
functional integration of nature and natural systems, along with reversible, adaptable and compostable 
design. We need to design 
for
nature, not just 
with
nature. Environmental management and planning 
must be re-designed to foster the ‘growth’ of carrying capacity. For example, dumping abandoned car 
frames in oceans may not be the best use of past waste, but it can create the infrastructure for coral 
reefs and their ecosystems to develop, and provide habitats for species threatened by coral bleaching 
and sea-level rises in other areas.
18
(Similarly, shading corals may be expensive, but perhaps we cannot 
afford 
not
to protect the economic and other values of reefs.)

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