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Just how could trading systems be ‘positively negative’ in this context?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

Just how could trading systems be ‘positively negative’ in this context?
Using offsets to justify 
production
forestry for the single purpose of carbon sequestration does not 
protect old growth forests containing ecological systems with multiple values. The production 
argument is that young forests sequester carbon at a greater rate than aging forests. Mature and old 
growth forests are considered, at best, to be carbon neutral, because the carbon fixed in photosynthesis 
is the equivalent of the carbon released in respiration. This supports the claim that when no net 
carbon fixation gains are made by a mature or old growth forest, they should be turned into products.
Recent scientific studies have shown, however, that native forests can sequester more carbon than 
production forestry.
18
Moreover, in some types of forests, most of the carbon may actually be stored 
in the forest floor anyway.
19
In Australia’s sensitive land, topsoil is lost under forestry practices that, 
in effect, plough up the soil. Although tree 
planting
is being encouraged by carbon trading, 
clearing
is 
still proceeding at an increasing rate in the Amazon basin and even wealthy places like Australia. The 
net effects on climate change from tree clearing in the Amazon may nullify the tree planting for credits 
used to justify increasing emissions – a vicious circle. Australia, for example, claimed to have met its 
Kyoto target (it did not sign the Protocol) which would allow a net increase in greenhouse emissions 
of 8 per cent achieved by merely ‘slowing’ the rate of tree clearing. This meant increased coal-fired 
electricity production was justified at the expense of the long-suffering Australian agricultural sector.
There is arguably not enough fertile land to support the amount of forests required to offset existing 
Australian coal-fired power stations, given the need to accommodate other land uses. Over all, then, 
carbon trading has not been net positive.

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