The Interplay of Synonymy and Polysemy



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75 | 
4.2.4 Nonphysical
 
Movants 
The final category is nonphysical (inanimate) 
MOVANTS
.
The verbs differ in the 
frequency with which they combine with this 
MOVANT 
type. 
Tirar
combines with very few, 
while almost half of the sentences with 
lanzar 
have nonphysical 
MOVANTS

Arrojar 
and 
echar 
lie somewhere in the middle with approximately 1/3 of 
MOVANTS
being nonphysical.
Often in our data, 
when the verbs combine with 
nonphysical 
MOVANTS
we 
find 
light verb constructions
(henceforth LVC). LVCs are 
combinations of a verb with a 
nominal where the major 
semantic contribution is made 
by the nominal (Alonso 
Ramos 2004:18, Atkins et al. 
2003). Compare the following 
sentences: a “normal” use of 
lanzar
(69) with an LVC (70). 
(69) 
L
ANCÉ
la pelota. 
I threw the ball 
(70) 
LANCÉ
un grito. 
threw.1st a scream. 
‘I screamed out’ 
If we ask what action the speaker is performing in each sentence, we would say that in 
(69) the speaker is throwing (something) while in (70) the speaker is screaming. In that sense, 
the majority of the meaning in (70) is contributed by the noun 
grito 
‘scream’. Still, I argue 
that 
un grito
‘a scream’ is a 
MOVANT
. The 
throw
-verb in LVCs serves to indicate the 
(metaphorical) motion of a scream (§5.1).
The data show several semantic classes of nouns that combine with the 
throw
-verbs to 
form LVCs. Each semantic class has a preference for the 
throw
-verb that it normally appears 
with. Still, there are cases of overlap, where the same semantic class can appear with more 
than one of the verbs.

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