Rlchard Pettlnger

CONCLUSIONS

It is clear that key contributions to understanding what stress is, and its effects on people at work, have been made from many different sources. The body of knowledge and experience on which effective stress management is based addresses the outputs, costs, and consequences, as well as understanding the physical, behavioral, and psychological aspects. It is essential that managers take time to understand and become aware of the subject from the broadest possible point of view. Then, whether or not the problem is institutionally recognized, at least individual managers and those who work for them have a much greater understanding of what is likely to occur in their own domain, and can begin to take effective steps to address the issues.

NOTES

1. 
   Baron, R.A. (1987) Behavior in Organizations. Allyn and Bacon.
   
2. 
   Furnham, A. & Schaeffer, R. (1984) ‘‘Job satisfaction and mental health.’’ Journal of Occupational Psychology, 57, 295–305.
   
3. 
   Tubbs, W. (1993) ‘‘Stress death.’’ Journal of Business Ethics, 12, 859–77.