Qarshi davlat universiteti ingliz filologiyasi fakultetlararo ingliz tili

Mustn’t.
Ish-harakatni bajarmaslik kerakligini, bajarish mumkin emasligini ko’rsatadi. (Restriction – ta’qiq)

This is an informal office. You needn’t wear a tie to work. Bu idora rasmiy idora emas. Ishga galstuk taqishing shart emas. (Galstuk taqish ixtiyoring)

This is a formal office. You mustn’t wear jeans to work. Bu rasmiy idora. Ishga jinsi shim kiyib kelmasliging kerak. (mumkin emas)

NOTE: Shu bilan birgalikda mustn’t biror ish-harakatni bajarmaslik kerakligini yoki shunday bo’lmasligi kerakligini qat’iy ifodalab keladi.
NOTE: Needn’t/don’t need to/don’t have to va must hamda mustn’t fe’llarining qo’llanishiga e’tibor bering!
I want to buy a house. It needn’t be/doesn’t need to be/doesn’t have to be big, but it must have a garden. It mustn’t be far from the city center. – Bir uy sotib olmoqchiman. U katta bo’lishi shart emas, lekin bog’I bo’lishi shart. Shahar markazidan uzoq bo’lmasligi kerak.

LESSON 35. READING: CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

GRAMMAR: CONDITIONAL SENTENCES.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND GLOBAL WARMING

Climate change

Climate encompasses the statistics of temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological elements in a given region over a long period of time. Climate can be contrasted to weather, which is the present condition of these same elements and their variations over shorter time periods.
Climate may be inherently variable as evidenced by the irregularity of the seasons from one year to another. This variability is normal and may remain partially understood. It is related to changes in ocean currents, volcanic eruptions, solar radiation and other components of the climate system. In addition, our climate also has its extremes (such as floods, droughts, hail, tornadoes and hurricanes), which can be devastating. However, in recent decades, a number of indicators and studies show more and more evidence of climate warming across the globe. A disturbing phenomenon that challenges human habits and activities which are responsible for greenhouse gas emissions.