Professional Qualification Lawyer

Forensic Medicine

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Author: Lecturer Velta Volksone
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject.
Summary of the Course:

Forensic Medicine is one of the disciplines of medical science which studies those problems of medicine and biology which appear in the process of investigation and in the court practice.

Thematic structure of the course:

Forensic Medicine studies coroner’s inquest of the types of violent deaths, investigating the mechanism of the origin of physical injury, morphological characteristics of an injury, the determination of the time of death.

Victims and suspected persons are given coroner’s inquests to determine their health status, malingerings, to exclude aggravating circumstances in order to characterize an obtained physical injury.

Coroner’s inquests in the cases of sexual crimes.

Fundamental problems of the obtaining and investigation of biological exhibits (blood, sperm, saliva, hairs).
Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   A.Deņkovskis. Tiesu medicīna. - Rīga, 1981.
   
2. 
   V.Šmits. Līķa apskate notikuma vietā. - Rīga, 1995.
   

Forensic Rhetoric

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Author: Lecturer Guna Kaminska
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject.
Summary of the Course:

Forensic rhetoric studies the practical skills of the preparation and performance of forensic rhetoric paying special attention to the fact how to gain listeners attention and what is necessary to make the public speech sound complete and irreproachable (acquisition of a public speech, psychology of a speech, expressiveness,figurativeness, concreteness, the tone of the speech, stylistic characteristics of a public speech etc.).

Thematic structure of the course:

1. 
   Historic aspects of oratory.
   
2. 
   General characteristics of a public performance.
   
3. 
   Forensic rhetoric as a type of a public speech.
   
4. 
   Presecutor’s speech.
   
5. 
   Sworn attorney’s speech.
   

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   Līsijs. Tiesu runas. - Rīga.
   

Forensic Psychiatry

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Author: Lecturer Aina Apsīte
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject.
Summary of the Course:

Forensic psychiatry is not branch only medical but also judicial branch of science closely connected with philosophy and social sciences.

Thematic structure of the course:

Forensic psychiatry as a special branch of psychiatry, its connection with jurisprudence. Normal and psychical physical activities. The evaluation of a psychical condition of an accused, a witness, a victim. The concepts of responsibility and capacity, their medical and judicial criteria.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   I.Eglītis. Psihiatrija ārstiem nepsihiatriem. - Rīga.
   
2. 
   R.Krūmiņš. Tiesu psihiatrija. - LVU, 1970.
   

Forensic Psychology

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Authors: Associate Professor
Voldemārs Smilgainis
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of general psychology.

Summary of the Course:

Forensic psychology studies the activities of a person in certain legal relations with other legal subjects in order to implement effectively the tasks and objectives of law enforcement institutions and courts.

Thematic structure of the course:

Forensic psychology has four parts: 1) psyschology of legal education; 2) criminal psychology; 3) penitentiary psychology; 4) psychology of the activities of law enforcement institution.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   V.Smilgainis. Liecinieka liecību psiholoģija. - R., 1995.
   

Foreign Law Enforcement Institutions

Duration of the Course: 16 hours, 1 credit
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Author: Lecturer Gunārs Kūtris
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired the after acquisition of the course “Law Enforcement Institutions”.

Summary of the Course:

the course is meant to give comparative knowledge of foreign law enforcement institutions after the students have acquired the course “Law Enforcement Institutions”. The system of at least 30 countries of the world are analysed comparing their systems of courts, presecutor’s offices and the police with the corresponding structures of Latvia and the specific institutions of those countries are analysed as well.

Thematic structure of the course:

The reform of law enforcement institutions of the Baltic States (Lithuania, Estonia). Courts, prosecutor’s offices, the police, the bar of Scandinavian countries. Court chancellors. Ombudsmen. The system of European law enforcement institutions (models of Germany and France). The court system of Britain and its influence on other countries. Law enforcement institutions of the USA, Canada and Australia. Japanese courts, police and prosecutor’s office. Peculiarities of law enforcement institutions of the Eastern countries.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   Wroblevski H.M., Hess K.M. Introduction to Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice. 2d ed. - St.Paul. Minn., 1985.
   

Methods of Prosecutor’s Activities

Duration of the Course: 16 hours, 1 credits
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Author: Lecturer Gunārs Kūtris
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Law as an elective subject.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the course “Law Enforcement Institutions”, criminal procedure and civil procedure.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the methods of practical work of a prosecutor. It studies the functions and management of prosecutor’s offices and gives practical skills in all aspects of prosecutor’s work. Students analyse practical cases and learn to draft prosecutor’s documents.

Thematic structure of the course:

The structure and functions of prosecutors offices. Functions and powers of senior prosecutors. Information of offences, the methods of control. Prosecutor’s functions and methods of activities in a civil case. The supersion over the activities of investigative institutions. The supersion over the subjects of operative activities. Prosecutor’s work during preliminary investigation. Charge in court. The supervision over the performance of punishment of deprivation of liberty. Prosecutor’s documents.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   Skrastiņš J. Tiesu reforma un prokuratūra// Juristu Žurnāls, Nr.4.
   
2. 
   LR Ģenerālprokurora pavēles, instrukcijas un rīkojumi. Ģenerālprokurora Padomes lēmumi. Ģenerālprokuratūras metodiskie norādījumi.
   

Punishment Execution Law

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of Criminal Law
Author: Assistant Vitolds Zahars
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the course “Criminal Procedure”.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the order and regime of the execution of criminal penalties, rights and obligations of convicted persons and the objectives and means of correction and reeducation of convicted persons.

Thematic structure of the course:

the concept, sources, the sphere of application of punishment execution law; history of punishment execution; the execution of criminal penalty in the territory of Latvia (types of the institutions of deprivation of liberty, cognizance, objectives, regimes etc.); rights and obligations of the convicted persons; personnel of a prison; comparative studies of the European countries and the USA; international penitentiary problems.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   E.Krūmiņš, S. Poškāns. Brīvības atņemšanas soda izpilde. - Rīga, 1996.
   
2. 
   Rudolf Brunner. Jugendgerichtsgesetz. Kommentar. - Walter de Gruyter. Berlin. New Yurk. 1975.
   
3. 
   Walter Hortinger, Edward Eldefouso, Alan Coffey. Corrections: A Component of the Criminal Justice System. - Pacific Palisades, California, 1973.
   
4. 
   Todd R. Clear, George F. Cole. American Corrections. - Pacific Grove, California, 1986.
   

Department of International and
Maritime Law

International Public Law

Duration of the Course: 96 hours, 4 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Associate Professor Aivars Fogels
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws, Part A. The course is also recommmendable to students of economics and international relations.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of law, namely, the theory of law, and constitutional law.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies all main institutions and branches of international public law, their essence, sources, functioning, the interpretation and enforcement of the norms of international law, in conformity with the international legal status of the Republic of Latvia, its obligations and their implementation.

Thematic structure of the course:

the concept of international public law , the sources and principles of law, subjects of international law, maritime law, international air and space law, international contract law etc.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a research paper, an exam.
Literature:

1. 
   A.Fogels, O. Grīnbergs. Starptautiskās tiesības. R., 1981.
   
2. 
   Parry, Clive et al Encyclopaedic Dicitionary of International Law. New York. Oceana, 1988.
   
3. 
   Brovnline. Principles of Public International Law. Oxford. Clarendon., 1990.
   
4. 
   Carter. Barry E.; Trimble, Philip R. International Law. Selected Documents. Boston, Litle, Brown and Company, 1991.
   
5. 
   Carter, Barry E. Trimble, Philip R. International Law, Selected Documents and New Developments. Boston Litle, Brown, 1994.
   
6. 
   Cilvēka tiesības. R., 1992.
   
7. 
   Beyerly, Elizbeth. Public International Law, A. Guide to Information Sources. Great Britan, Mansell, 1993.
   

International Private Law

Duration of the Course: 96 hours, 4 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Assistant Aldis Čevers
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws, Part A. The course is recommmendable to students of economics and international relations.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of law.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the concept, objects, subjects, sources, the norms of collision, their application and methodology of how to settle the collisions of contracts, property law, family law, inheritance law, copyright etc.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: an exam.
Literature:

1. 
   Ūdris, A. Sēle, V. Gustsons ‘’Pamatzināšanas starptautiskajā tirdzniecībā’’, Rīga, 1994.
   
2. 
   Von Bar Ch. ‘’Internationales Privatrecht’’, Munchen, 1991.
   
3. 
   North, J,J, Fawcheire ‘’Cheshire and Norths Private Internationale Law’’, London, Butterworths, 1992.
   

Human Rights

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Associate Professor Aivars Fogels
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject. The course is recommmendable to everybody who is interested in the essence of a democratic legal state or who needs it at his/her work at state or international institutions, as well as to state officials.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of law, namely, the theory of law, and constitutional law.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the essence of human rights, their international and national defence mechanism, their enforcement, supervision and the systems of control. It includes all fundamental human rights and freedoms, social, economic and cultural rights, all humanitarian rights.

Thematic structure of the course:

The essence of human rights, fundamental rights and freedoms, international and national defence mechanism, supervision and the systems of control, the harmonization of state laws of Latvia in conformity with international standards.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   A.Fogels, O.Grīnbergs. Starptautiskās tiesības. R., 1981.
   
2. 
   Parry, Clive et al. Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law. - New York: Oceana, 1988.
   
3. 
   J. Brovnlie. Principles of Public International Law. - Oxford: Clarendon, 1990.
   
4. 
   Cilvēka tiesības. R., 1992.
   

Diplomatic and Consular Law

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Associate Professor Aivars Fogels
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject. The course is recommmendable to everybody who is interested in foreign relations and/or who work at the state institutions of foreign relations.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of law and public international law.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the concept, essence of this law, legal status of the state institutions of foreign relations, their functions, activities, objectives etc.

Thematic structure of the course:

the essence of the law, main institutions of foreign relations, the conditions of their functioning etc.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   A.Fogels, O.Grīnbergs. Starptautiskās tiesības. R., 1981.
   
2. 
   Parry, Clive et al. Encyclopaedic Dictionary of International Law. - New York: Oceana, 1988.
   
3. 
   J. Brovnlie. Principles of Public International Law. - Oxford: Clarendon, 1990.
   
4. 
   Carter, Barry E.,; Trimble, Philip R. International Law: Selected Documents. - Boston: Litle, Brown and Company, 1991.
   
5. 
   Carter, Barry E.,; Trimble, Philip R. International Law: Selected Documents and New Developments. - Boston: Litle, Brown and Company, 1991.
   

European Law

Duration of the Course: 48 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Assistant Aldis Čevers
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject. It may also be included in the programs which are connected with Latvia’s integration in the international circulation and the European Union.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of international law.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the nature of European Law and its place in the system of law, its stages of development, legal sources, legal order and institutions of the European Union, and their competence.

Thematic structure of the course:

European integration processes, legislative acts of the European Union, activities of the Republic of Latvia in the European Union, treaties and agreements concluded by the Republic of Latvia and the European Union.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   D.A. Lēbers. Eiropas savienības tiesības. R. 1991.
   
2. 
   Das ABC des Gemeinschaftsrecht. Luxemburg. 1986.
   
3. 
   Schweitzer, Hummer. Europarecht: das Recht der Europaischen Gemeinschaften. Hamburg. 1987.
   
4. 
   European Community Law. - Aldershot: Dartmouth. 1993.
   

International Economic Law

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Lecturer, Dr.iur. Jānis Griģeļonis
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject. It may also be included in the programs of economics and international law.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of law, economics and international law.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies its concept, object and system. It also includes the analysis of the systems of international organizations, such as, the UN and the role of regional economic organizations in the development of international economic law. The course gives the origin, legal sources and the history of development of international economic law.

Multilateral and bilateral international economic agreements one party of which is the Republic of Latvia are also analysed. Fundamental principles of international economic law and the principles of international documents are studied.
Thematic structure of the course:

1. 
   The concept, object and system of international economic law.
   
2. 
   History of international economic law.
   
3. 
   Sources of international economic law.
   
4. 
   Objectives and principles of international economic law.
   
5. 
   International economic agreements.
   

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   Hotchkiss, Carolyn. International Law for Business. - New York: McGraw - Hill, 1994. - XXII, 396 p.
   
2. 
   Jackson, John H. The World Trading System: Law and Policy of International Economic Relations. - Cambridge: MIT, 1989. - VII, 47 p.
   
3. 
   Kudej, Blanka. International Trade Law. - USA: Oceana, 1984. - VI, 57 p.
   
4. 
   Law and Economics - Aldershot: Darmouth, 1992. - Vol.l. - XXII, 581p.
   
5. 
   Mann F.A. The Legal Aspects of Money: With Special Reference to Compartive Private and Public International Law. - Oxford: Clearendon, 1992. - LXIII, 599p.
   
6. 
   Tax Law. - Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1995. - Vol.l. - XVII, 520p.
   
7. 
   Tax Law. - Aldershot: Dartmouth, 1995. - Vol. II- XVI,488p.
   

Shipping Law

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Assistant Māris Lejnieks
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject. The course may also be included in the programs of economics connected with international freight carriage.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of private law, civil procedure and English.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies both the international and foreign regulation of shipping law and the corresponding legislative acts of Latvia.

Thematic structure of the course:

the concept of shipping law; administrative regulation of the shipping of Latvia; property interests connected with a ship; labour relations on a ship; security of navigation and the protection of human lives on the sea; salvage; marine insurance; environmental protection of a sea; contract of the carriage by sea; general average; martime claims; procedural rules and conflict of Law rules of shipping Law.

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   V.Vītiņš ‘’Jūras tiesības’’, Kr.Valdemāra jūrskola, Rīga, 1939.
   
2. 
   N.J.J.Gaskell, C.Debattista, R.J.Swatton ‘’Chorley&Giles Shipping Law’’, 8^th ed., Pitman Publishing, London
   
3. 
   E.R.H.Ivamy ‘’Payne and Ivamy’s Carriage of Goods by Sea’’, Butterworths, London, 1989
   

Law of the Sea

Duration of the Course: 32 hours, 2 credits
Department: Department of International and Maritime Law
Author: Assistant Māris Lejnieks
The Course is included in the Program of Higher Professional Education in Science of Laws as an elective subject It may also be included in the programs connected with international relations.
Preconditions for the acquisition of the course:

the course is to be acquired after the acquisition of the fundamentals of international law and English.

Summary of the Course:

the course studies the international legal regulation of different legal status of the martime territorys. It analysis the norms of the 1982 UNCLOS, the delimitation practice of martime territory of different states, the implementation of state jurisdiction in these territories, and the maririme settling of disputes on the jurisdiction of states connected with maritime territories.

Thematic structure of the course:

The course includes 9 themes:

1. 
   The concept and historic development of law the sea.
   
2. 
   Sources of law of the sea.
   
3. 
   Territorial sea and contiguous zone.
   
4. 
   The sea straits used jor international navigation.
   
5. 
   Archipelagec states.
   
6. 
   Exclusive economic zone.
   
7. 
   Continental shelf.
   
8. 
   high seas.
   
9. 
   Other problems of law of the sea.
   

Requirements of the academic recognition system of the course: a credit.
Literature:

1. 
   V.Vītiņš ‘’Jūras tiesības’’, Kr.Valdemāra jūrskola, Rīga, 1939.
   
2. 
   R.R.Churchill, A.Lowe ‘’The Law of the Sea’’, Manchester, University Press, 1988
   
3. 
   C.J.Colombos ‘’The International Law of the Sea’’, 6^th ed., London, 1967