People-focused knowledge management

Decision-Making Knowledge: See Pragmatic Knowledge.
Declarative Knowledge: Facts about, and relations between, objects
(such as abstract concepts or physical objects), events, and situa-
tions stated in some representation such as rules or clauses.
Deductive Reasoning: Reasoning to deduce information about the
situation under analysis, such as deducing facts or premises from
hypotheses and rules, given the background or domain knowledge.
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Deutero-Learning (DL). Learning that occurs when organizations
learn how to carry out single-loop and double-loop learning
(Argyris and Schön 1978).
Domain: A bounded part of a larger system. It may be a specific area
of knowledge such as “the domain of financial knowledge.” At
times, it may be the knowledge or expertise area of a knowledge-
based system.
Domain Expert: A person with expertise in the domain of the target
knowledge area, such as a knowledge-based system being devel-
oped. The domain expert often works closely with the knowledge
engineer (particularly the knowledge professionals) to allow cap-
turing the expert’s knowledge for codification into a knowledge
model, which can then be encoded into a knowledge base.
Double-Loop Learning (DLL). Learning that occurs when, in addi-
tion to detection and correction of errors, the organization is
involved in the questioning and modification of existing norms,
procedures, policies, and objectives. DLL involves changing the
organization’s knowledge base or firm-specific competencies or
routines (Dodgson 1993). DLL is also called higher-level learning
(Fiol and Lyles 1985), generative learning, or learning to expand
an organization’s capabilities (Senge 1990), and strategic learning
(Mason 1993). (Argyris and Schön 1978.)