If this is true, al-Mansur would regard it as a very dangerous thing for the state because Abu Hanifa had
gone beyond the bounds of simple criticism and emotional loyalty into the sphere of positive action, even if
his action was confined to a
fatwa
. The
faqih
must give good counsel in the
deen
of Allah and not recommend
corruption.
Whatever the truth of this transmission, it is reliably confirmed that Abu Hanifa openly stated his criticism
of the khalif and his behaviour towards the ‘Alawites. That is in accord with his past behaviour and his links
to the descendants of ‘Ali. He was linked with Zayd, as we said, and also had a firm connection to Ja‘far as-
Sadiq. Muhammad al-Baqir was also connected to him. He was a student of ‘Abdullah ibn Hasan, the father
of Ibrahim and Muhammad, as we previously stated. They had his loyalty and he was pained by what befell
them.
Abu Hanifa’s position was not hidden from the ever-watchful al-Mansur, especially in Kufa. That is why
he wanted to test his loyalty and obedience when the opportunity arose. He was in the process of building
Baghdad and wanted to appoint Abu Hanifa
qadi
there but he refused. Al-Mansur insisted on him accepting
some post, whatever it was. So his aim was evident. Abu Hanifa perceived his intention and wanted to avoid
it. It is related that eventually he agreed to count the bricks in the construction.
At-Tabari summarised the situation in this way.
Al-Mansur wanted Abu Hanifa to be in charge of the judges but he refused. Al-Mansur swore that
he must accept a post while Abu Hanifa swore that he would not.
So he put him in charge of
overseeing the construction of the city; making the bricks and getting men for the work. He undertook
that until they finished the city wall next to the ditch. Al-Haytham ibn Adi mentioned that al-Mansur
offered Abu Hanifa the post of
qadi
but he refused. He swore that he would not leave him alone until
he undertook a post for him. That was reported to Abu Hanifa and he called for a measuring rod and
counted the bricks and thus fulfilled al-Mansur’s oath. Al-Mansur ignored Abu Hanifa for a time, but
not completely. Things were reported to him from time to time, but he deferred taking action.
Before going on to mention some of these matters which made al-Mansur do what he did without right, we
can state that the tragedy which befell Abu Hanifa was not the result of the
rebellion of Ibrahim ibn
‘Abdullah, the brother of the Pure Soul. Abu Hanifa died in 150 AH, five years after the rebellion and death
of Ibrahim.
An analytic approach forces us to reject what al-Khatib relates in
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