Учебно-методический комплекс по учебной дисциплине «стилистика» для специальности «современные иностранные языки (перевод)»

Campaigning and advocacy.
Nowadays, reporters are closely connected with 
broadcasting journalism; they broadcast, or publish news by electrical methods, instead of 
the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. Broadcast methods include radio 
(via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet), and, especially recently, 
the Internet generally. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and/or 
sounds. 
Campaigning and advocacy are widely applied through TV news nowadays, television 
news is very image-based, showing video of many of the events reported. Television 
channels may provide news bulletins as part of a regularly scheduled news program. Less 
often, television shows interrupted or replaced by breaking news ("news flashes") provide 
news updates on events of great importance. Newscasts consist of a reporter being 
interviewed by an anchor, known as a 'two-way', or by a guest involved in or offering 
analysis on the story being interviewed by a reporter or anchor. There may also be breaking 
news stories, which will present live rolling coverage.
Live coverage will be broadcasted from a relevant location and sent back to the 
newsroom via fixed cable links, microwave radio, production truck, satellite truck or via 
online streaming. Roles associated with television news include a technical director, floor 
director audio technician and a television crew of operators running character graphics 
(CG), teleprompters and professional video cameras. So reporting is the genre of 
journalism, which is very specific. In addition, the genre is characterized by an impartial 
coverage of events and implies that the reporter is an eyewitness or participant described.
The language of radio and TV reporting
: 
Linguistic and stylistic 
peculiarities of radio and TV reporting.
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Formal style: the basic rules existing in oral speech: 
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Use of passive voice 
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Few personal pronouns , i.e. non-emotive verbs
•
Use of bias-free language (bias-free language means using terms that treat people 
with respect.)
•
Radio and TV reporting requires some common speech specific features, which in 
this context consists of all the information that the reporter and receiver of the 

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communication must both possess, in advance, in order for the communication to be 
successful:

Standard English – a form of speech that lays claim to a grammatical 'correctness' 
and clear pronunciation. This is sometimes called 'BBC English'. Non-standard 
English are forms, dialects or idiolects that differ from this in word choice, 
expression and pronunciation.

Dialect – a particular variation of spoken language shared by an identifiable group of 
people.

Sociolect – spoken language shared by a particular social group (e.g. lawyers, 
doctors, young people).
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Radio and TV hard news stories
are based on directivity: 

Inverted Pyramid Style, the most important information based on facts without 
comments is at the beginning (the who, what, when, where ,why, and how of an 
event).

The language is basic, precise but effective, words can be used with precision to 
make clear what has happened. It should be objective or accurate. 
•
Neutral words are used.