Directions: Part I of the study guide is not required!

AP Euro-Lively

Unit 2: Reformations and Religious Wars

Chapters 14-15 Study Guide

Directions: Part I of the study guide is not required! These terms are provided so that you know who is important and what concepts to know. While reading, pay attention to these people and terms as they appear. While preparing for an essay/exam, be sure to know a basic description of each of these as well as its significance to its historical context.
Part I Identifying Key Terms

Notable People


Charles V of HRE

Martin Luther

John Calvin

Henry VIII

Elizabeth I

Philip II of Spain

Johann Tetzel

Ulrich Zwingli

Pope Paul III

Henry of Navarre

Gustavus Adolphus

Cardinal Richelieu

Mary Tudor

Ferdinand II of HRE

Catherine de Medici (France)

John Knox

Terms and Events

Holy Roman Empire

“Justification by faith alone”

Edict of Nantes

Huguenots

Jesuits

Defeat of the Spanish Armada

Indulgence

Predestination

Council of Trent

St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre

Anabaptism

Peace of Augsburg

Peace of Westphalia

Schmalkaldic League

Battle of Lepanto

Elizabethan Settlement

German Peasants’ Revolts

Theocracy in Geneva

United Provinces

Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis

Thirty Years’ War

Church of England

War of the Three Henrys

Anticlericalism

Part II Review Questions

Directions: Check your understanding of this chapter by answering the following questions in about four-five well written and effective sentences each.

1. 
   It is quite clear that Luther’s condemnation of the church did not occur in a vacuum. With that said, what social, economic, and political issues challenged the authority of the Catholic Church in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries?
   
2. 
   Describe the three major issues within the church that served as the foundation of anticlericalism.
   
3. 
   How did the ideas of the Christian humanists differ from the ideas of the Protestant reformers?
   
4. 
   Describe the intellectual and religious foundations of Luther’s protest against the sale of indulgences in his 95 Theses.
   
5. 
   Describe Luther’s belief in the two kingdoms. Why were his beliefs so readily accepted by German princes and Scandinavian monarchs?
   
6. 
   How did Calvin’s theological tenet of predestination shape the development of the protestant work ethic?
   
7. 
   How did Calvin’s understanding of the relationship between church and state differ from that of Luther’s understanding of the relationship between church and state?
   
8. 
   In what ways the English Reformation initiated from the top down, aka a Reformation from Above?
   
9. 
   In what ways were the Anabaptists radical for their time? Why did many of their beliefs cause them to be bitterly persecuted?
   
10. 
    Analyze the aims, methods, and degree of success of the Catholic Reformation in the sixteenth century.
    
11. 
    Describe the rise of the Habsburgs in early sixteenth century Europe and their fall from power during the seventeenth century.
    
12. 
    For what reasons did the Low Countries revolt against the Spanish rule of Philip II?
    
13. 
    Evaluate the cause(s) of the French civil wars (1559-1589) in terms of political, economic, religious, and social issues in French society.
    
14. 
    What are politiques, and how do they represent the growth of secular politics within early modern Europe?
    
15. 
    To what extent was the Thirty Years’ War a religious conflict? To what extent was it a political and economic struggle?
    
16. 
    To what extent does the Peace of Westphalia serve as a turning point in European history?
    

Part III Chronological Awareness

Directions: Identify possible events or historical phenomena that fit within the cause/effect charts below. Provide 1-2 complete sentences of explanation for each of your answers (one answer per blank). Your explanation should clearly identify how your answers serve as causes, effects, or both.
1) _________________  Peace of Augsburg  ______________  Peace of Westphalia
2) Great Schism  ________________  Concordat of Bologna  _________________
Part IV Analyzing Primary Sources

Directions: Read the passage below and answer the questions below the passage.
Source: Edward Rishton, Roman Catholic priest, On the Origin and Growth of the English Schism, 1585.
And to show the greater contempt for our Blessed lady [the Virgin Mary], they keep the birthday of Queen Elizabeth in the most solemn way on the seventh day of September, which is the eve of the feast of the Mother of God, whose nativity they mark in their calendar in small and black letters, while that of Elizabeth is marked in letters both large and red. And what is hardly credible, in the church of Saint Paul, the chief church of London . . . the praises of Elizabeth are said to be sung at the end of the public prayers, as the [hymn] of our lady was sung in former days.
1) What attitude does Rishton have towards the English?
2) Analyze the significance of one of the following in determining Rishton’s point of view:

- Bruni’s occupation and place in society

- Bruni’s purpose for writing

- Bruni’s audience

- Bruni’s historical context
Note: Incomplete study guides will receive a 10 point penalty. This will not be allowed to be made up via redo. Organize your time and work on your study guide a little bit at a time. Substantially incomplete study guides will be graded, but considered late, and only allowed to be redone up to 25 points.
Study Guide Grading Rubric - 50 points.

Review Questions (20 points) - 4 questions will be selected at random from those above. Each will be worth 5 points.

Chronology (10 points) - This section is worth 10 points. Points will be deducted for each insufficient/irrelevant response.

Document Analysis (10 points) – This section is worth 10 points. Points will be deducted for insufficient and/or inaccurate responses.

Overall Completion (10 points) - 10 points will be awarded for completion of all questions and parts.