|
d p
d t
dp
ct
X
dp
d
gameta
df.
c t
fen normal qanot,
normal oyoq
dp
d
dp
d
kalta qanot,
kalta oyoq
dp
d
dp
dp*
dp
F( gen
d
+
d
X
d
dp
dp
dp-¥
dp
dp
gameta
a
d
d +
d
d
krossingover
krossingover
bo’lmaganda
natijasida
fen kalta qanot,
normal qanot, normal qanot,
normal oyoq kalta oyoq
normal oyoq
dpf
d
dp
d
Fb gen
a)27 ta b)393 ta v)93,57 % g)6,43 % morganidga teng.
kalta qanot,
kalta oyoq
dp
d
dp
d
12
. fen kalta, dag’al
P gen yungli
gameta
A
A
a
X
B
b
A
fen kalta, dag’al yungli
F| gen
gameta
uzun, normal
yungli
a
b
i
b\
uzun, normal yungli
a
A
a
Y
B
b
A
a
A
a
B
b
b
B
krossingover
bo’lmaganda
krossingover
natijasida
130
fen kalta, dag’a] uzun, normal kalta, normal uzun, dag’al
Fb gen yungli
yungli
yungli
yungli
A
a
ja
a
A
a
a
B
b
(b
b
b
b
B
l§.G enetik xarita tuzish
l.fe n qizil ko’z, normal qanot,
oq ko’z, kaltaqanot,
P
to’g’ri tuk
vilkasimon tuk
W*
W+
w
w
gen
m
>rí
X
m
m
r
r
f
f
gameta
W
m
f '
W
m
f
fen qizil ko’z, normal qanot,
Fi
to’g’ri tuk
gen
w
*
w
trí
m
r
f
oq ko’z, kalta qanot,
vilkasimon tuk
W
W
m
m
f
f
w
w
w*
w*
W
w
W¥
W
gameta
m+
m
iri
m
m*
m
m+ m
m
j i
. r
f
f
r
f
f-
f
krossingover
bo’lmaganda
krossingover
natijasida
fen qizil ko’z, oq ko’z, kalta
Fb
normal qa- qanot, vilka-
not, to ’g’ri
simón tuk
tuk
W*
gen
m
r
542
W
W
W
m
m
m
f
f
/
530
oq ko’z,
normal qa
not, to’g’ri
tuk
w
m *
r
266
qizil ko’z,
kalta qa
not, to’g ’ri
tuk
w
m
í
W
m
562
131
qizil ko’z, nor
oq ko’z, kalta
oq ko’z, normal
qizil ko’z,
mal qanot, vil-
qanot, vilka-
qanot, vilkasimon
kalta qanot
kasimon tuk
simon tuk
tuk
to ’g’ri tuk
W
W
w
W
W
W
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
m
f
f
Г
f
f
f
r
f
138
130
64
68
Jami: 542 + 530 + 266 + 262+ 138+ 130 + 64 +
68
= 2000.
Har bir genotipning foiz miqdori:
W‘m V -2 7 ,1 %
W* m+b-6,9%
Wmb-26,5%
W mb+ -6,5%
W" m+b-l 3,3%
W m+b-3,2%
W" mb-13,1 %
W*
mb+ -3,4%
Birinchi va ikkinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
W
4
-m+=l 3,3+13,1+3,2+3,4=33,0%.
Ikkinchi va uchinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
m+-b+=
6
,9+6,5+3,2+3,4=20,0%.
W *
33,0m
'20b*
a)
53,0
ЗД0
2Q0 . ,
b)TOO XT
0 0
=
interferensiya ro’y
bermaydi, chunki nazariy ro ’y
berishi lozim bo’lgan qo’sh krossingover
miqdori bilan tajribada
olingan qo’sh krossingover miqdori mos keladi.
2
. fen yungi qora, nor-
P gen mal, uzunlikda,
yog’i oq
yungi malla,
kalta, yog’i
sariq
A
A
a
a
В
X
b
b
С
С
с
с
yungi qora, nor
mal, yog’i oq
A
a
a
В
b
b
С
С
c
1
yungi malla, kalta,
yog’i sariq
a
b
132
gameta
A
a
A
a
a
A
a
A
B
b
B
b
B
b
B
b
|C Ie |c lC
krossingover
bo’lmaganda
IC |c |c
IC
krossingover
natijasida
fen yungi qora, yungi malla, yungi qora,
yungi malla,
3
normal,
kalta, yog’i
kalta,yog’i
kalta,yog’i
gen yog i oq
49
sariq
44
sariq
45
oq
A
a
a
a
A
a
a
B
b
b
b
B
b
b
C
c
c
c
c
c
c
43
yungi mal
la, normal
yungi qora,
kalta, yog’i
yungi mal
la, normal,
yungi qora,
kalta, yog’i
yog’i oq
saric
yog’i sariq
oq
a
\a
A
a
a
a
A
a
B
|é
b
b
B
b
b
c
|C |c
c
c
c
\c
P
k
18
19
17
20
Tajribadagi jami organizmlar soni:
49 + 44 + 45+43 + + 18 + 19+ 17 + 20 = 225 ta.
Krossingover natijasida hosil bo’igan organizmlar soni:
18+19+17+20=74 ta.
a) u holda A va B genlar orasidagi krossingover miqdori 29,02% ga
teng.
Demak, yung va yog’ning rangini belgilovchi genlar bitta
xromosomada,
yungning
uzunligini
belgilovchi
genlar
boshqa
xromosomadajoylashgan.
b) genlar xromosomada quyidagichajoylashgan: A B C
3. a) xromosomada genlar quyidagicha joylashgan: ec+ cv+ ct+.
b) tajribadagi jami organizmlar soni: 2125 + 2207 + 265 + + 273 + 217
+ 225 + 3 + 5 = 5320 ga teng. Warning foiz miqdori quyidagicha:
ec cv+ct-39,94%
ec+ct+ ct-4,98%
eccvct-0,06%
ee cvct+-5,13%
ec+cv ct-4,23%
ec+cb ct‘-41,48%
ec+cv ct-4,08%
ec+cv+ct+-0,09%
133
Birinchi va ikkinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
ecf -cv+= 4,98 + 5,13 + 0,06 + 0,09 = 10,26%.
Ikkinchi va uchinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
cv+- ct+ = 4,23 + 4,08 + 0,06 + 0,09 = 8,46%.
+ 1 0 2 6
ec
' cv
1,46 CÍ +
18,72
v) geterozigota ona organizm:
ec
cv
ct
ec
ko’zdagi fasetkalari normal, qanotlari tomirlangan va normal
ct
4. a) xromosomada genlar quyidagicha joylashgan:
P
О
s
b) tajribada jami: 348+306 + 73 + 96+110+63+2+2=1000 ta organizm
hosil bo’lgan:
OPS-7,3%
oPS-11,0%
OPs — 34,8%
oPs-0,2%
OpS - 0, 2 %
opS — 30,6%
Ops — 9,6%
ops-6,3%
Birinchi va ikkinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
P - О = 9,6 + 1 1 ,0 + 0,2 + 0,2 = 21 ,0% .
Ikkinchi va uchinchi gen orasidagi masofa
O- S = 7,3 + 6,3 + 0,2 + 0,2= 14,0%.
P
О
1
2 1 , 0
i 4
35 ,0
P
P
v) О
о
mevasi tuksiz, yumaloq, guli gulbandida yakka joylashgan.
5
j
5. Birinchi chatishtirishda ishtirok etgan uchta genning joylanishi
aniqlanadi:
a _________ с__________ b
Birinchi chatishtirishda jami:
669 + 139 + 3 + 121 + 2 + 2280 + 658 + 2215 = 6087 ta organizm hosil
bo’lgan.
134
Gametalaming foiz miqdori quyidagicha:
a+bV -10,99%
a bc+ —2,28%
a b+c+-0,05%
aV c-1,99%
Birinchi va ikkinchi
a — с = 1,99 + 2,28
a+bc -0,03%
a b+c-37,46%
a be-10,81%
a+bc+-36,39%
;n orasidagi masofa:
0,5 + 0,03 = 4,35.
Ikkinchi vauchinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
с -b = 10,81 + 10,99 + 0,05 + 0 ,0 3 — 21,88
a 4 , 3 5 C 2 1 , 8 8 ^
26 ,23
Ikkinchi chatishtirishda ishtirok etgan uchta genning joylanishi
aniqianadi:
с/_____
Ы
______ d/
Ikkinchi chatishtirishdajami:
8
+ 441+90 + 376+14+153 + 64+141 = 1287 taorganizm bosil bo’lgan.
Gametalaming foiz miqdori quyidagicha:
bed - 6,62%
b V d +- 1,09%
qc+d+ - 34,27%
b V d +- 4,97%
bc+d - 6,99%
b+cd+- 11,89%
b+c d - 29,22
be d+- 10,96%
Birinchi va ikkinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
c-b= 10,96 + 11,89+ 1,09 + 0,62 = 24,56%
Ikkinchi va uchinchi gen orasidagi masofa:
b-d= 6,99 + 4,97 + 1,09 + 0,62 = 13,67%.
C
24
, 56
^ 1 3
,6 7
d
38 ,23
Birinchi va ikkinchi chatishtirishda aniqlangan с—b genlar
orasidagi masofa bir-biriga mos tushmayapti, ya’ni:
I
II
c-b=21,88%;
24,56%.
Chunki birinchi chatishtirishda koinsidensiya koeffitsienti 0,83%
bo’lsa, ikkinchi chatishtirishda 48,80% ga teng. Shunga ko’ra, ikkinchi
chatishtirishdagi
natijaga
asoslanib,
genlar
orasidagi
masofani
aniqlaymiz:
84
,
35
c 24^6b]3>67d
135
VI BOB
1§. Komplementär holda belgilarning nasldan-naslga
berilishi
1
.a) fen yong’oqsimon
oddiy
P
gen RRPp
X rrpp
A
*
gameta RP
Rp
rp
fen yong’oqsimon gulsimon
F,
gen
RrPp
RrPP
b) fen
yong’oqsimon oddiy
P
gen
RRPP
rrpp
i
i
gameta
RP
rp
fen
yong’oqsimon
F i gen
RrPp
v) fen yong’oqsimon oddiy
P
gen
RrPP X rrpp
/
!
gameta RP
rP
rp
fen yong’oqsimon no’xatsimon
F, gen
RrPp
rrPp
50%
50%
g) fen yong’oqsimon oddiy
P gen
RrPp
X
rrpp
/ i l \
1
gameta RP Rp rP rp
rp
fen yong’oqsimon gulsimon no’xatsimon oddiy
Fi gen
RrPp
Rrpp
rrPp
rrpp
25%
25%
25%
25%
2
. fen
qizil
oq
P gen ^ A p B ^ X aabb
gameta AB Ab aB ab
ab
fen
qizil
oq
oq
oq
F| gen
AaBb Aabb aaBb aabb
136
3. fen
oq
oq
P gen
AAbb X aaBB
1
i
gameta Ab
aB
fen
sariq
sariq
F) gen
AaBb
AaBb
/ 1 1 \
/ i l \
gameta ABAbaBab ABAbaBab
4. fen
kar
kar
Pgen
DDee X
ddEE
gameta
De
dE
fen
normal
F i gen
DdEe
a) normal tug’ilish qobiliyatiga ega.
b) fen
kar
kar
P gen
DDee X DDee
I
1
gameta
De
De
fen
kar
Fi gen DDee
kar
kar
ddEE X ddEE
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