Microsoft Word Kurzweil, Ray The Singularity Is Near doc

Nanotechnology
, an 

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online journal (http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/0957-4484). Extensive material on nanotechnology 
can be found on the author's Web site at http://www.kurzweilAI.net/meme/frame.html?m=18. 
71.
Richard P. Feynman, "There's Plenty of Room at the Bottom," American Physical Society annual 
meeting, Pasadena, California, 1959; transcript at http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/feynman.html. 
72.
John von Neumann, 
Theory of Self-Reproducing Automata
, A. W. Burks, ed. (Urbana: University 
of Illinois Press, 1966). 
73.
The most comprehensive survey of kinematic machine replication is Robert A. Freitas Jr. and 
Ralph C. Merkle, 
Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines
(Georgetown, Tex.: Landes Bioscience, 
2004), http://www.MolecularAssembler.com/KSRM.htm. 
74.
K. Eric Drexler, 
Engines of Creation
, and K. Eric Drexler, 
Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, 
Manufacturing, and Computation
(New York: Wiley Interscience, 1992). 
75.
See the discussion of nanotube circuitry in chapter 3, including the analysis of the potential of 
nanotube circuitry in note 9 of that chapter. 
76.
K. Eric Drexler and Richard E. Smalley, "Nanotechnology: Drexler and Smalley Make the Case for 
and Against 'Molecular Assemblers,' " 
Chemical and Engineering News
, November 30, 2003, 
http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/8148/8148counterpoint.html. 
77.
Ralph C. Merkle, "A Proposed 'Metabolism' for a Hydrocarbon Assembler," 
Nanotechnology
8 
(December 1997): 149–62, http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0957-4484/8/4/001 or 
http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/hydroCarbonMetabolism.html. See also Ralph C. Merkle, 
"Binding Sites for Use in a Simple Assembler," 
Nanotechnology
8 (1997): 23–28, 
http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/bindingSites.html; Ralph C. Merkle, "A New Family of Six 
Degree of Freedom Positional Devices," 
Nanotechnology
8 (1997): 47–52, 
http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/6dof.html; Ralph C. Merkle, "Casing an Assembler," 
Nanotechnology
10 (1999): 315–22, http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/casing; Robert A. Freitas Jr., 
"A Simple Tool for Positional Diamond Mechanosynthesis, and Its Method of Manufacture," U.S. 
Provisional Patent Application No. 60/543,802, filed February 11, 2004, process described in 
lecture at http://www.MolecularAssembler.com/Papers/PathDiamMolMfg.htm; Ralph C. Merkle 
and Robert A. Freitas Jr., "Theoretical Analysis of a Carbon-Carbon Dimer Placement Tool for 
Diamond Mechanosynthesis," 
Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
3 (August 2003): 319–
24, http://www.rfreitas.com/Nano/JNNDimerTool.pdf; Robert A. Freitas Jr. and Ralph C. Merkle, 
"Merkle-Freitas Hydrocarbon Molecular Assembler; in 
Kinematic Self-Replicating Machines
, 
section 4.11.3 (Georgetown, Tex.: Landes Bioscience, 2004), pp. 130–35, 
http://www.MolecularAssembler.com/KSRM/4.11.3.htm. 
78.
Robert A. Freitas Jr., 
Nanomedicine
, vol. 1, 
Basic Capabilities
, section 6.3.4.5, "Chemoelectric 
Cells" (Georgetown, Tex.: Landes Bioscience, 1999), pp. 152–54, 
http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI/6.3.4.5.htm; Robert A. Freitas Jr., 
Nanomedicine
, vol. 1, 
Basic 
Capabilities
, section 6.3.4.4, "Glucose Engines" (Georgetown, Tex.: Landes Bioscience, 1999), pp. 
149-52, http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMI/6.3.4.4.htm; K. Eric Drexler, 
Nanosystems: Molecular 
Machinery, Manufacturing, and Computation
, section 16.3.2, "Acoustic Power and Control" (New 
York: Wiley Interscience, 1992), pp. 472–76. See also Robert A. Freitas Jr. and Ralph C. Merkle,