Article in BioScience · April 2012 doi: 10. 1525/bio



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Science and Society: The Role of Long-Term Studies in Environmental

Stewardship



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BioScience · April 2012



DOI: 10.1525/bio.2012.62.4.7

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Charles T. Driscoll

Syracuse University



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Kathleen F Lambert

Science Policy Exchange



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University of Alaska Fairbanks



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Articles

354   BioScience  •  April 2012 / Vol. 62 No. 4 

www.biosciencemag.org

Articles

Science and Society: The Role of 

Long-Term Studies in Environmental 

Stewardship

Charles T. DrisColl, KaThleen F. lamberT, F. sTuarT Chapin iii, DaviD J. nowaK, Thomas a. spies, 

FreDeriCK J. swanson, DaviD b. KiTTreDge Jr., anD Clarisse m. harT

Long-term research should play a crucial role in addressing grand challenges in environmental stewardship. We examine the efforts of five Long 

Term Ecological Research Network sites to enhance policy, management, and conservation decisions for forest ecosystems. In these case studies, 

we explore the approaches used to inform policy on atmospheric deposition, public land management, land conservation, and urban forestry, 

including decisionmaker engagement and integration of local knowledge, application of models to analyze the potential consequences of policy 

and management decisions, and adaptive management to generate new knowledge and incorporate it into decisionmaking. Efforts to enhance 

the role of long-term research in informing major environmental challenges would benefit from the development of metrics to evaluate impact; 

stronger partnerships among research sites, professional societies, decisionmakers, and journalists; and greater investment in efforts to develop, 

test, and expand practice-based experiments at the interface of science and society.

Keywords: boundary spanning, environmental policy and management, Long Term Ecological Research Network, science communication

deliberate  and  effective  long-term  relationships  between 

ecological   science  and  environmental  decisionmaking.  In 

this  article,  we  illustrate,  as  do  the  other  authors  in  this 

special  section  (e.g.,  Thompson  et  al.  2012  [in  this  issue]), 

the  growing  role  that  LTER  is  playing  to  enhance  science 

engagement  with  local,  regional,  and  national  policy  and 

management  issues.  To  develop  such  programs,  the  scien-

tific  community  needs  to  build  experience  and  learn  from 

practical  examples  of  effective  synthesis  and  integration  of 

LTER to meet the needs of society. In this article, we present 

and discuss five case studies of work at the interface of sci-

ence, policy, and management from forested LTER Network 

sites  across  the  United  States.  We  distill  a  set  of  common 

strategies, lessons, and recommendations for improving and 

expanding interface efforts to improve the ability to meet the 

grand challenges in environmental science of our time.


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