Object of investigation,to the levels of language hierarchy and to two plans of the language

 
Comparative typology
. This branch of linguistic typology is characterized 
by: 
 

Indifference to system closeness. 
 

Indifference to the genetic closeness. 

Areal non-limitation of languages 
 

Possibility of deep and surface identity 
 

Indifference to etic-emic identity 
 

Minimal etalon language 
 

Cross- level approach to comparison 
 

Content approach to comparison 
 

Possibility of perfectness of typological operations 
 
Comparative typology is one of the independent branches of linguistic 
typology. It deals with limited number of languages and also defines typological 
similarities and distincions in the strucures of languages belonging to different 
genetic groups. 

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Structural typology
 is one of the basic branches of linguistic typology which 
deals with the systematization and summarizing some general linguistic facts and 
establishing language universals.It is the major branch of linguisic typology and 
aims to identify universal features of languages 
Structural typology consists of the following branches: 
1.
 
Linguistic universals 
2.
 
Etalon language 
3.
 
Typological classification 
4.
 
Typological theory 
 
Linguistic universals
. Under this term scholars understand certain 
phenomenon or regularity which is common to all languages of the world or to 
their absolute majority. 
 
Linguistic universals are known long ago. In the ancient Greek grammars 
the grammatical system of this language was suggested as a model of 
categorization for all languages. That's why grammatical categories of case and 
gender used to be the main grammatical universal for all languages.