reiteration
and
collocation
. Reiteration
includes repetition, synonym or near synonym use and the use of general words.
E.g. (1.)
You could try driving the car up the slope. The incline isn't at all that
steep.
(2)
Pneumonia arrives with the cold and wet conditions. The illness can
strike everyone from infants to the elderly.
Collocation
includes all those items in text that are semantically related. The
items may be related in one text and not related in other. For instance, the words
'neighbour' and 'scoundrel' are not related at all. However, in the following text
they are collocated:
My neighbour has just let one of his trees fall into my garden.
And the scoundrel refuses to pay for the damage he has caused.
Cohesive ties within the text are also formed by
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