6.2. Nano-γ-Fe
2
O
3
-IM-tribromides for the oxidation of
sulfides
Kolvari reports the synthesis of imidazole tribromide
immobilized on magnetic nanoparticles and their application
in the catalytic oxidation of sulfides to afford sulfoxides using
aqueous hydrogen peroxide as oxidant at room temperature
under solvent-free conditions.
[41]
Thus the synthesis of nano-
γ
-Fe
2
O
3
-IM tribromide began with the coupling of acidified
magnetite with 3-chloropropyltriethoxysilane (CPTES) by
covalent bonds. The reaction of the supported CPTES with
imidazole in dry toluene under reflux conditions for 36 hours
produced the imidazole functionalized magnetic nanoparticles
(Scheme 58).
Scheme 58. Synthesis of imidazole functionalized magnetic
nanoparticles
The functional groups were intact on the magnetic
nanoparticles as determined by FT-IR analysis. Broad peaks
around 3400 and 1645 cm
-1
represented the stretching and
bending modes of the O-H groups and the adsorbed water.
The absorption bands at 584.4 cm
-1
and 628.7 cm
-1
were
attributed to the Fe-O bonds. The bending vibrations of Fe-O-
Si appeared at 989 cm
-1
, while the stretching vibrations of
C=N and C=C of the imidazole rings was displayed at 1577
and 1400 cm
-1
respectively. Powder X-ray diffraction analysis
suggested that the pattern of nano-
γ
-Fe
2
O
3
-IM tribromide
resembles to the standard pattern of the crystalline inverse
cubic spinel ferrites even after functionalization. Further, the
FE-SEM images displayed particles of size<20 nm that
appeared spherical with diameter of 10 ± 5 nm as observed
from TEM analysis. TG-DTG curves the weight loss and the
catalyst loadings were 0.55 mmol g
-1
and stable up to 200
o
C.
The saturation magnetization curves indicated the change
from 60 to 54 emu g
-1
, a slight decrease due to
functionalization of the imidazolyl tribromide on surface. The
catalyst was tested for the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides
using 30% H
2
O
2
as green oxidant. Optimization studies
revealed that in the absence of the catalyst the oxidation of
benzylphenyl sulfide
122a
took 25 hours for completion to
provide 70% yield of the product. However, in the presence
of the catalyst, the reaction times reduced to 30 minutes while
the yield increased to >90%. This solvent free oxidation was
tested with other sulfides at room temperature (Scheme 59).
Scheme 59. nano-
γ
-Fe
2
O
3
-IM tribromide mediated oxidation
of aralkylsulfides
10.1002/ajoc.202000379
Accepted
Manuscript
Asian Journal Of Organic Chemistry
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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