made from 51c
made of 51c
made out of 51c
made with 51c
with to-infinitive, in passive voice 51a
manage 285i
manage to 216
many
see
much, many/a lot, lots of
maybe 112
may/might
degrees of certainty 386
in hedging 146b
may
concession 383
general truths 383
good wishes and curses 383
offers 418b
tentative propositions 146b
things likely to occur 146b
may not for prohibitions 415c
may want/wish to 414a
may (well) find (that) 414a
may/might as well 414a, 414e
Cambridge Grammar of English
Index | 953
may/might – cont.
might 385
backshift in speech representation
493c
past tense of may 385
requests 416c
permission 383, 384, 385, 415a, 415b,
415f
probability 383, 385
suggestions 385, 414a
see also
modal verbs
me 198a
mean 285b, 285h, 285i, 287c, 350, 405b
be meant to 52d, 404f
I mean 52b, 106b, 109a
intentions 52c
necessity 52e
significance 52f
talking about language 52a
meantime 136e
meanwhile 136e
measurement, units of 527
area 527a
distance 527b
height 527b
length and distance 527a
personal weight and height 527b
temperature 527a
volume and capacity 527a
weight 527a
mega- 261
-ment 262
mental process verbs
negation 437
raising 475h
simple versus progressive forms 339e,
340e, 352c
situational ellipsis 94f
mention 285b, 285f, 286c
mid- 261
middle constructions 539
mind 285c, 285f, 285k
expressions with 53b
I don’t mind, as non-commital 53b
I wouldn’t mind, I don’t mind if I do,
for positive preferences 53b
if you don’t mind, for indirectness
53b
mind you 53b
never mind 53b
negative declarative forms, for
permission and polite requests 53
for warnings 53b
mind – cont.
would you mind, do you mind, for
permission and polite requests 53,
53a
mind you 136f
mine 201c
mis- 261, 434
miss 285f
moan 500c
modal adjectives 406
modal adverbs 406
modal expressions 403, 539
with be 404a–f
had better 403c, 414h, 531d
would rather 403f
would sooner and would just as soon
403g
modal meaning 379
modal nouns 406
modal verbs 227, 234
adjuncts, position of 325a, 325d
with be and have for aspect and voice
234a
contracted forms of 234b, 234d
core modal verbs 234a, 378, 380
contracted forms of 380e
forms of 380a
interrogatives 380c
and lexical verbs 380a
negative forms of 380d
position of 380a
and tenses 380b
ellipsis and substitution with 234e
interrogative forms of 234c
negative forms of 234b
past forms for indirect statements 297
situational ellipsis 94f
verbs with modal uses 405, 405a, 405b
see also
can/could; may/might; modal
expressions; must/have (got) to; semi-
modal verbs; shall/should;
will/would
modification 539
monotransitive complementation 284,
285a–k, 539
mood 159e, 539
see also
imperative clauses; subjunctive
forms
more
see
much, many/a lot, lots of
more accurately 136d
more or less 146c, 467b
more precisely 136d
moreover 136b, 152, 335a
morphemes 258a, 539
954 | Index
Cambridge Grammar of English
morphology 1b, 539
see also
word structure
most
see
much, many/a lot, lots of
much, many/a lot, lots of
declaratives 196h
interrogatives 196h
a lot 245b, 254b
lots 245b
many 130b, 189e, 207
many, much/more/most 187, 190a, 191,
207, 468a, 470, 470a, 470b
many a 196h
much 130b, 189d, 207, 467b
multi-word verbs 235, 539
forms 158a
particles 235a, 235b
phrasal verbs 235c
both transitive and intransitive 235c
intransitive 235c, 235e
transitive 235c, 235d
phrasal-prepositional verbs 235g
with two objects 235g
prepositional verbs 235f
with adverb/discourse marker 235f
direct object, position of 235f
with two objects 235f
mumble 500c
murmur 500c
must/have (got) to 394
in boosted directives 146a
commands/instructions 413b
confident predictions/conclusions 146a
deduction 394, 394a
have to 215b, 350
and have got to 394a, 403d, 403e, 531c
in indirect reports 493c
invitations 394, 403e, 419c
in AmE 531b
negative forms of 415c
can’t/cannot, mustn’t, needn’t, don’t
have to 394b, 403e
obligation 394, 403e
had to as past form of must 394a
have to forms for future obligations
394a
must for future-in-the-past 394a
reproaches 394
rules and laws 394
warnings/advice 414c
see also
modal verbs
mutter 500c
my/mine 190c, 201a, 201b
see also
possessive pronouns
myself 202
N
name 287b
namely 136j
nationalities 528a, 528b
naturally 111
near (to) 252, 253b
nearly 467b
necessarily 406
necessary 406
necessitate 405b
necessity 406
need 285h, 285i, 285j, 287g, 487
as lexical verb 397a
as semi-modal verb
absence of obligation 397
future-in-the-past meaning 397
interrogatives with 397
negation 539
clause negation 435
with any, anyone, anything, anywhere
438
negative declaratives 435a
negative imperatives 435d
negative interrogatives 435b
negative interrogatives, and speech
acts 435c
and discourse 447
double negation, and hedging 447d
intensifying negation 447a
not and hedging 447b
repeated negation, and affirmative
statements 447c
double negatives, and usage 438a
either … or with negative verb 445
imperative clauses 293b, 435d
interrogative clauses 292c, 292f
and mental process verbs 437
modal verbs 380d
negative adverbs 446
negative prefixes 434, 440
negative subjunctive 435e
negative suffixes 434, 440
negative words, primary and secondary
434
and tags 436
see also
neither/nor/neither of/neither …
nor; no; none; not
neglect 285i
neither/nor/neither of/neither … nor
neither 130b, 207, 434, 445
neither … nor … 166, 308, 445, 539
neither do I 134
Cambridge Grammar of English
Index | 955
neither/nor/neither of/neither … nor – cont.
neither of 28
nor 434, 445
nor do I 134
not … or/nor 445
see also
either
-ness 262
never 37, 328, 336a, 434, 438a, 444, 473c
nevertheless 136f, 152
news 497
next 108b, 136i, 336c
next to 164
no 187, 189a, 191, 196e, 434
no- 440
no doubt 111
no matter wh- 314f
no one 3e, 207, 207a, 239b, 293a, 300d,
434, 438a, 443
no worse 466c
nobody 3e, 207, 207a, 239b, 293a, 300d,
434, 438a, 443
nominal clauses 316, 539
nominalisation 142, 175, 475j, 539
nominative case 539
non- 261, 434, 440
non-catenative lexical verbs 216
non-count nouns 176, 178, 539
partitive expressions with 179
bipartite nouns 178d
examples of 179
expressions with -ful 179
metaphorical use of 179
for shape/size/movement/amount 179
plural 178d
singular 178b
use of all with 12a, 539
used countably 180
see also
nouns
non-defining relative clauses 539
see also
relative clauses
none 130b, 207, 434
and none of 442
none the wiser 466c
none the worse 466c
nonetheless 136f
non-finite clauses 290, 298
non-restrictive relative clauses 539
nor
see
neither/nor/neither of/neither … nor
normally 146c
North American English grammar 530
adverb/adjective forms 534
likely 534c
really/real 534a
well/good 534b
North American English grammar – cont.
collective nouns, singular concord with
536
exclamative expressions 538
modal verbs and expressions 531
be going to 531e
had better 531d
have got to/have to 531c
I guess/I suppose/I reckon 531f
must 531b
shall 531a
prepositional uses 537
on, with street names 537
at, in, on, in time expressions 537
through referring to end points of
time periods 537
present perfect, less use of 535
tags and tails 533
affirmative copy tags 533
interrogative copy tags 533
interrogative tags 533
modal verb with no substitute do 533
right, frequent use of 533
tails, less common use of 533
verbs 532
be 532a
fit 532e
get 532d
go (and) 532c
have and have got 532b
irregular past forms 532g
learn, burn, dream, etc., - ed or - t past
tense/-ed participle ending for
532f
not 434
negative short replies 437
no, not any 466c
in non-finite and ellipted clauses 439
see also
negation
not actually 447b
not altogether 447b
not at all 95
not entirely 447b
not necessarily 447b
not once 473c
not only … 336a
not really 248, 447b
not to say 109a
not very 447b
note 499
nothing 74a, 207, 207a, 239b, 434, 438a,
443
notice 285b, 285c, 285d, 287d, 287e, 287f
notify 286c
956 | Index
Cambridge Grammar of English
noun phrases 141, 157, 539
in apposition 173, 318
complements 169a, 172
clauses as 172a
versus postmodifiers 169c
prepositional phrases as 172b
dependent elements, order of 169b,
169d
functions of 157b, 167b
as clause adjuncts 157b
as complements of prepositions 157b
noun phrase + ’s possessive
determiner construction 167b
as subject, object or complement of
clause 157b, 167b
heads 168
compound heads 168b
noun/pronoun 168
pronoun heads 168c
simple heads 168a
modifiers 169a
noun modifier versus prepositional
phrase 170c
postmodification 171
adjective phrases 170a
and complementation 141d
embedded prepositional phrases 141d
full relative clauses 170a
-ing relative clauses 170a
non-finite clauses 141d
prepositional phrases 141d, 170a, 171b
relative clauses 170a, 171a
premodification and postmodification
170a
premodification
adjective phrases 170a
of adjectives 141c
adjectives of classification 141a
evaluative adjectives 141a
hyphenated compound adjectives
141b
noun phrase 170a
noun phrases 169
premodifiers, coordination of 141b
see also
determiners; partitive
expressions
in speech and writing 141e, 174
structure of 167a
head + modifiers or complement
157a
postmodifiers 157a
premodifiers 157a
see also
nominalisation
nouns 156, 539
agreement 182
noun + verb agreement 182a
quantifying expressions 182b
forms of 156a
compounding 156a
conversion 156a, 175
gender 156a
prefixes 156a
singular and plural 156a
suffixes 156a
gender and animate/inanimate reference
183
one, as noun-substitute 60a
syntactic characteristics 156c
types of 156b
common, proper, concrete, abstract
156b
count and non-count 156b
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