O‘zbekiston respublikasi oliy va o‘rta maxsus ta’lim vazirligi muxammad al-xorazmiy nomidagi toshkent axborot texnologiyalari universiteti huzuridagi pedagog kadrlarni qayta tayyorlash va ularning malakasini oshirish tarmoq markazi

Kutilayotgan natija:
Talabalar fayllarni saqlash usullari va ularni algoritmlari haqida bilimlarga ega bo‘ladilar. Fayllarini afzalliklarini o‘zlashtiradilar. Mustaqil tarzda dasturlashni boshlaydilar. Yaratilgan fayllarni bir biriga solishtirib ularni ichidan optimal yechimni topadilar.
3-keys:
Keys: Fayllari axborotlar bilan ishlash jarayonida juda muhim. Tadqiqotchilar fayllarining bir necha xil turlarini ishlab chiqishgan. Har bir usulning o‘ziga hos afzalliklari mavjud.
Keys topshirig‘i: Fayllar bilan ishlashning usullarini o‘rganing va har biriga tavsifnoma (xarakteristika) yozing.

2.4. Nazorat topshiriqlari va mustaqil ta’lim yuzasidan ko‘rsatmalar

Dasturlardagi hatoni toping yoki kamchiliklarini to‘ldiring:
1–misol: Quyidagi misolda qanday fayldan foydalanilganligini tushuntirib bering.

import csv

FILENAME = "users.csv"
users = [["Temur", 28], ["Aziza", 23], ["Bobur", 34]]
with open(FILENAME, "w", newline="") as file:
writer = csv.writer(file)
writer.writerows(users)
with open(FILENAME, "a", newline="") as file:
user = ["Samad", 31]
writer = csv.writer(file)
writer.writerow(user)


2–misol:. Quyida keltirilgan dastur mohiyatini tushuntirib bering.
import csv
FILENAME = "users.csv"
users = [
{"name": "Temur", "age": 28},
{"name": "Aziza", "age": 23},
{"name": "Bobur", "age": 34}
]
with open(FILENAME, "w", newline="") as file:
columns = ["name", "age"]
writer = csv.DictWriter(file, fieldnames=columns)
writer.writeheader()
# bir necha qatorni yozish
writer.writerows(users)
user = {"name" : "Samad", "age": 41}
# bitta qatorni yozish
writer.writerow(user)
with open(FILENAME, "r", newline="") as file:
reader = csv.DictReader(file)
for row in reader:
print(row["name"], "-", row["age"])
3–misol: Quyida keltirilgan dastur mohiyatini tushuntirib bering.
import pickle
FILENAME = "user.dat"
name = "Temur"
age = 19
with open(FILENAME, "wb") as file:
pickle.dump(name, file)
pickle.dump(age, file)
with open(FILENAME, "rb") as file:
name = pickle.load(file)
age = pickle.load(file)
print("Ism:", name, "\tYosh:", age)