Non-bank financial institutions: assessment of their impact on the stability of the financial system



Download 2,84 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish
bet33/214
Sana06.06.2022
Hajmi2,84 Mb.
#640613
1   ...   29   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   ...   214
Bog'liq
ecp472 en

 
3
 
│ 
Sub-sectors of the non-bank financial system 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25 
 
Table 6: Illustrative allocation of activities conducted by insurance-focused groups 
 
 
Traditional 
 
Non-traditional 
Ins
ur
anc

Underwriting 
Most life and non-life 
insurance business 
lines 
Life insurance and 
variable annuities 
Mortgage guarantee 
insurance 
Trade credit insurance 
Alternative risk transfer 
(e.g., insurance-linked 
securities) 
Financial guarantee 
insurance 
Finite reinsurance 
Investments and 
funding 
Proprietary investment 
function (ALM) 
Hedging for ALM 
proposes 
Funding through equity 
and debt issues, also 
securities lending 
Proprietary and 
derivatives trading 
(non-ALM) 
Property management 
(related to investment 
portfolio) 
Purely synthetic 
investment portfolios 
Cascades of repos and 
securities lending 
Scope and scale of 
activities beyond 
insurance remit 
N
on
-ins
ur
anc

CDS/CDO underwriting 
Capital market business 
Banking, including investment banking and hedge fund activities 
Third-party asset management 
Industrial activities 
3.6
 
Central counterparties 
The role of central counterparties (CCPs) in financial intermediation is 
inter alia
to reduce 
counterparty risks arising in bilateral transactions on OTC derivatives markets and, in turn, to 
reduce risks to financial stability stemming from these counterparty risks. CCPs carry out this 
function by acting as counterparty to every trade among clearing members, performing 
multilateral netting and undertaking risk management activities to ensure that the failure of a 
clearing member does not affect other members (Duffie and Zhu, 2011). 
Absent CCPs, parties to bilateral OTC derivatives contracts manage the impact of counterparty risk 
through the use of bilateral master agreements. These agreements aggregate all exposures 
between two counterparties allowing for close-out netting in the event of default by one or the 
other party. Close-out netting serves to offset the derivative payables by the defaulting party 
against its derivative receivables vis-à-vis the non-defaulting counterparty (Singh, 2010). 
Outstanding exposures between counterparties are also sometimes collateralised (after close-out 
netting between counterparties) to further reduce counterparty risks. However, contracts may be 
under-collateralised. Collateral is usually posted by end-users (non-dealers) to dealers but market 
practice does not involve dealer-to-dealer collateral posting. In addition, dealers do not request 
collateral from end-users such as sovereign entities and some corporates (IMF, 2010). Empirically, 
22% of OTC derivative transactions are uncollateralised; and of the 78% of notional amounts that 
are collateralised, 16% are unilateral (ISDA, 2010). 



Download 2,84 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   29   30   31   32   33   34   35   36   ...   214




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©hozir.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling

kiriting | ro'yxatdan o'tish
    Bosh sahifa
юртда тантана
Боғда битган
Бугун юртда
Эшитганлар жилманглар
Эшитмадим деманглар
битган бодомлар
Yangiariq tumani
qitish marakazi
Raqamli texnologiyalar
ilishida muhokamadan
tasdiqqa tavsiya
tavsiya etilgan
iqtisodiyot kafedrasi
steiermarkischen landesregierung
asarlaringizni yuboring
o'zingizning asarlaringizni
Iltimos faqat
faqat o'zingizning
steierm rkischen
landesregierung fachabteilung
rkischen landesregierung
hamshira loyihasi
loyihasi mavsum
faolyatining oqibatlari
asosiy adabiyotlar
fakulteti ahborot
ahborot havfsizligi
havfsizligi kafedrasi
fanidan bo’yicha
fakulteti iqtisodiyot
boshqaruv fakulteti
chiqarishda boshqaruv
ishlab chiqarishda
iqtisodiyot fakultet
multiservis tarmoqlari
fanidan asosiy
Uzbek fanidan
mavzulari potok
asosidagi multiservis
'aliyyil a'ziym
billahil 'aliyyil
illaa billahil
quvvata illaa
falah' deganida
Kompyuter savodxonligi
bo’yicha mustaqil
'alal falah'
Hayya 'alal
'alas soloh
Hayya 'alas
mavsum boyicha


yuklab olish