Международный научно-образовательный электронный журнал «образование и наука в XXI веке». Выпуск №14



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ОИНВ21ВЕКЕ. Май 2021. Том 2

 
Reference
Harmer, Jeremy. 2007. How to Teach English. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited. 
Cameron, L. 2001. Teaching Languages to Young Learners. Cambridge University 
Press 
 


106 
ФИО авторов: 
Sokhibkulova Madina Bakhtiyor qizi, Khurramova Nazira Ismatulla 
qizi 
Termez State university, Foreign philology 
Название 
публикации:
«MEANS 
FOR 
TEACHING 
LISTENING 
COMPREHENSION TO DIFFERENT AGE GROUPS» 
Abstract:
the article is devoted to the method of listening as the leading method of 
teaching foreign language to school students. 
 
Keywords:
methodology, teaching, listening, linguistics 
Mastering a speech in a foreign language as a means of communication includes not 
only the ability to express your thoughts, intentions, desires, but also the ability to 
understand the speech of other people both in direct communication, and on radio, 
television, in the cinema, while listening to messages at the airport, at the station etc. 
Therefore, the number of tasks that the school faces in connection with teaching a 
foreign language also includes the task of teaching students to listen and understand 
foreign language. This skill is denoted by the term “listening”
1

Learning listening in the teaching of foreign languages is of great importance, 
since the perception of foreign language by ear is a complex process that requires 
maximum attention from the student, and from the teacher, consistent preparation for 
the development of this type of speech activity. 
It should be noted that it depends on the proper training in listening, whether 
students will develop a phonemic ear, will they be able to hear English speech by ear, 
and therefore the ultimate success of learning and communication in general. 
Communicative competence is determined by four main types of speech activity 
- listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Speech activity is a focused, active, due to 
the language system and the situation of communication, the process of transmitting 
and receiving information
2
. Reading and listening are receptive types of speech 
activity, and speaking and writing are productive. 
Listening is a receptive type of speech activity (WFD), which is the 
simultaneous perception and understanding of speech by ear and as an independent 
WFD has its goals, objectives, subject and result. 
Listening mechanisms 
The basis of the internal listening mechanism is the following mental processes: 
1
Афанасьева O. В., Михеева И. В.
 
Книга для учителя учебно-методического комплекса «Английский 
язык. 2 класс. 3 класс. 4 класс. 5 класс. 6 класс. 7 класс. (Rainbow English)».- М.: Дрофа,2014. 
2
Артемов В.А. Психология обучения иностранному языку. М., 1969. 


107 
Listening and recognition; 
Attention; 
Anticipation, anticipation or probabilistic forecasting; 
Semantic guess; 
Speech stream segmentation and grouping; 
Informative analysis based on the isolation of units of semantic information; 
Final synthesis, involving various kinds of compression and interpretation of the 
perceived message. 
Listening Mechanisms: 
The mechanism of speech perception - a person, who does not speak a foreign 
language, not only does not understand, but also does not hear it. Perfection is 
improved by increasing the “operational unit of perception”. The success of listening 
depends on the size of this unit: the larger the blocks (sound - mental complexes) 
speech will be perceived, the more successful will be the processing of the information 
contained in it
3

Internal speaking mechanisms are necessary for the analysis of speech, 
understanding and memorization. The development of internal pronunciation depends 
on the complexity of the content, the level of knowledge of a foreign language by 
students, as well as on the conditions of perception of the text. 
Memory mechanisms are operational (we associate what we hear now with what 
we just heard, that is, we associate the end of a phrase with its beginning), the better 
the memory is developed, the larger the unit of perception; long-term (storage of 
standards), unlike other speech mechanisms, long-term memory is formed not by 
special exercises, but by all previous experience. 
Comprehension mechanisms - we highlight semantic milestones for 
understanding the text, establish semantic links - “the main thing is secondary”. 
Anticipation mechanisms - operate at the level of linguistic form and content. 
The accuracy of the forecast depends on the linguistic and (sometimes) life experience, 
understanding of the situation and context. 
Comparison mechanisms - recognition - work continuously, because there is a 
comparison of the incoming signals with those standards that are stored in our long-
term memory. Comparison is closely connected with the past experience of a person, 
with his feelings and emotions. Recognition during comparison occurs on the basis of 
invariant features. 

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