Subject (Agent) – Predicate
(Cause-Become) – Object (Patient) – Obl-
adjective or prepositional phrase (Result-Goal)
for transitive resultatives, and
Subject (Patient) – Predicate (Become) – Obl
(Result-Goal)
for intransitive
resultatives.
Semantic constraints
are proposed to explain extensions.
(Animate) Instigator Constraint
: subject in the 2-argument resultative
construction must hold the role of an (animate) instigator and it is not necessarily
an agent, since no volitionality is required, e.g.:
She coughed herself sick.
Inanimate instigators are also possible, e.g.:
The alarm clock ticked the baby
awake
. Instrument subjects are not possible, e.g.:
* The hammer pounded the metal
flat.
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