«инглиз тили лексикологияси» кафедраси

My father used to make nets and sell them. 
My mother kept a little day-school for the girls. 
Nobody wants a baby to cry. 
A hospital Nursery is one of the most beautiful 
places in the world.
You might say, it
’
s aroom filled with love. 
According to academician G. Pocheptsov, the 
sentence is the central syntactic construction used as 
the minimal communicative unit that has its primary 
predication, actualizes a definite structural scheme 
and possesses definite intonation characteristics. This 
definition works only in case we do not take into account the difference between 
the sentence and the utterance. The distinction between the sentence and the 
utterance is of fundamental importance because the sentence is an abstract 
theoretical entity defined within the theory of grammar while the utterance is the 
actual use of the sentence. In other words, a sentence is a unit of language while 
the utterance is a unit of speech. 

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63 
The most essential features of the sentence as a linguistic unit are a) 
its structural characteristics – subject-predicate relations (primary predication), and 
b) its semantic characteristics – it refers to some fact in the objective reality. 
Thus, by sentence, we understand the smallest communicative unit, 
consisting of one ormore syntactically connected words that have primary 
predication and that have a certain intonationpattern. 
There are many approaches to classify sentences. Below we shall consider 
only some ofthem. 
B. Ilyish classifies sentences applying two principles: 
1) Types of communication. Applying this principle, he distinguishes 3 
types of sentences: declarative, interrogative, imperative. 
2) According to thestructure. Applying this principle, he distinguishes two 
main types ofsentences: simple and composite. 
Ch. Fries gives an original classification of types of sentences. All the 
utterances are divided by him into Communicative and Non-communicative. 
The Communicative utterances are in their turn divided into 3 groups: 
I. Utterances regularly eliciting ―oral‖ responses only: greetings, calls, 
questions. 
II. Utterances regularly eliciting "action" responses, sometimes accompanied 
by one of alimited list of oral responses: requests or commands. 
III. Utterances regularly eliciting conventional signals of attention to 
continuous discourse statements. 
L.Barkhudarov compares source (kernel) 
sentences with their transforms, he distinguishes 
several types of sentences from their structural view-
point. His classification willrepresent binary 
oppositions where the unmarked member is the 
source kernel sentence andmarked one is the 
transformed sentence. 
The most important oppositions within the 
limits of simple sentences are the followingtwo: 
1. Imperative (request) and non-imperative 
sentences. 
2. Elliptical and non-elliptical sentences. 
Summarizing the issue about the classification of sentences in the English 
language, wecan say that this can be done from different points of view. But the 
most important criteria so areas follow: 
1. The criterion of the structure of sentences. 
2. The criterion of the aim of the speaker. 
3. The criterion of the existence of all parts of the sentence. 
From the point of view of the first criterion, sentences fall under two 
subtypes: simple and composite. The difference between them is in the fact that 
simple sentences have one primary predication in their structure while composite 
ones have more than one. 

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64 
According to the criterion of the aim of the speaker, sentences fall under 
declarative, interrogative, imperative and exclamatory. 
From the point of view of the existence of all parts of the sentence, we 
differentiateelliptical and non-elliptical sentences. 
Generally, in all three compared languages sentences may be classified 
according to:

types of communication

structure. 
According to the types of communication sentence in compared languages 
are divided into:

declarative,

interrogative

imperative. 
A Declarative sentence states a fact in the affirmative or negative form. 
There are a number of difference between English and Russian, Uzbek negative 
sentences. An English sentence may have only one negation while the Russian 
sentence one may have more than one.