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 Pragmatics and the study of family discourse



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Clancy, B. (2010) A socio-pragmatic analysis of Irish settled and Traveller family discourse (PhD Thesis)

2.1 Pragmatics and the study of family discourse 
 
In  traditional  sociolinguistic  research,  the  pronunciation  of  the  utterance 
I’ve  got  a 
headache
 may carry indicators of age and/or social class. Equally, the choice of 
I’ve
 as 
opposed to 
I have
 in the utterance may reflect the informality of the speech situation or 
that  it  is  spoken  as  opposed  to  written  language.  However, 
I’ve  got  a  headache
  also 
carries a variety of meanings according to when it is used, who uses it, who the person 
is talking to, where the conversation takes place etc. (for example, a wife saying it to her 
husband  in  bed  may  have  a  different  meaning  to  a  man  saying  it  to  a  doctor  during  a 
medical examination). Therefore, in any language, what is 
said
 is often quite distinct to 
what is 
meant
, or to put it another way, 
form
 is often very different to 
content
. Hymes 
(1974) refers to  two different  types  of competence;  the first,  grammatical  competence, 
relates  to  the  ability  to  create  and  understand  grammatically  correct  sentences  and  the 
second,  communicative  competence,  is  associated  with  the  ability  to  produce  and 
understand  sentences  that  are  appropriate  and  acceptable  in  a  particular  situation. 
Christie (2000) notes that it is axiomatic to pragmatics that our grammatical competence 
Macro-social 
factors
Power
Micro-social 
factors

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