Fotoenergetikada nanostrukturali yarimo‘tkazgich materiallar II xalqaro ilmiy anjumani

Fotoenergetikada nanostrukturali yarimo‘tkazgich materiallar

II xalqaro ilmiy anjumani 
 
19-20 noyabr 2021 yil 
33 
ACTUAL PROBLEMS OF PRODUCTION AND OPERATION
OF SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC STATIONS 
 
B.M. Abdurakhmanov
1
, V.V. Kharchenko
2
, Memon Saim
3
 
1
Institute of ion-plasma and laser technologies of the Academy of Sciences of the 
Republic of Uzbekistan, Uzbekistan; 
2
Federal Scientific Agroengineering Center VIM, Moscow, Russia; 
3
Division of Electrical And Electronic Engineering, School of Engineering, London 
South Bank University, London, United Kingdom 
Solar photovoltaic energy sector can be considered completely 
environmentally friendly only in part of the actual process of converting solar 
radiation into electricity carried out using solar cells (SC). And only in case if the 
construction of solar photovoltaic stations (SPS), especially large ones, does not 
take out of the economic turnover of arable land. The production of materials and 
products of solar energy, by no means, does not relate to environmentally friendly 
technologies, and also include a number of energy-intensive operations. 
Unfortunately, these problems, with the exception of "naked" estimates of the 
cost of "solar electricity", are relatively weakly discussed in the literature. In 
addition, when assessing the cost of obtaining a unit "solar electricity", it is almost 
always considered in context the cost of obtaining monocrystalline silicon without 
assessing the energy consumption for the creation and consumption of concomitant 
materials that are used for the manufacture not only the SC itself, but also for solar 
modules, arrays and the final product in the form of SPS. 
In this paper, an attempt is made to fill this gap and evaluate this side of the 
fabrication of products and components of solar energy and operation of solar 
stations. 
It is known that over 90 % of the total photovoltaic energy obtained is based 
on silicon solar cells. Both in the nearest and long-term perspective for the silicon, 
as the material for solar energy there is no alternative, although success in creating 
SC on a base of other semiconductor materials is indisputable and their most 
important indicator-efficiency coefficient is close, and in some cases, even higher 
for cells on the basis of A
3
B
5
and A
2
B
6
compounds. 
However, the reserves of the initial mineral raw materials to create these 
materials are incomparable, compared with the content in the earth's crust of 
silicon compounds suitable for its preparation and "large solar energy" is definitely 
silicon. 
The technological chain of production of "Solar electricity" based on silicon 
contains a number of operations: 
‒ mining of quartz or quartzite with the content of SiO
2
not lower than 96 %; 
‒ carbothermal, Electric arc obtaining of Me-grade Silicon with a purity of 
96‒98 % from quartzite; 

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