Ferghana Valley

skaia Pravda,
August 31, 1991.
30. Leninabadskaia Pravda, September 25, 1991.
31. P. Murtazaeva,
Uzbekistonda millatlararo muonsabatlar va bagrikenglik,
Tashkent, 
2007, p. 98.
32. Sovet Uzbekistoni, September 15, 1988.
33. Nashe Otechestvo, pt. 4.2, Moscow, 1991, p. 426.
34. Kh. Bobobekov Kh., Fargona fozhealari, Fan va turmush, no. 5, 1990.
35. Ibid.
36. Ibid.
37. Ibid., p. 18.
38. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 10, 1989.
39. S. Ziamov, “Mezhnatsionalnye otnosheniia i mezhetnicheskie konflikty v Tsentralnoi 
Azii,” Central Asian Studies, vol. 8. 2003, pp. 154–55.
40. Literaturnaia gazeta, June 14, 1989.
41. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 10, 1989; Ziamov, “Mezhnatsionalnye otnosheniia,” p. 
156.
42. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 10, 1989.
43. Krasnaia zvezda, June 21, 1989.
44. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 13, 1989.
45. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 8, 1989.
46. Bobobekov, Fargona fozhealari, Fan va turmush.
47. Ferganskaia Pravda, June 5, 1989.
48. Bobobekov, Fargona fozhealari, Fan va turmush, p. 16.
49. Ferganskaia Pravda, June 9, 1989.
50. M. Lurie and P. Studenikin, Zapakh gari i goria: Ferghana, trevozhnyi iiun 1989 
goda,
Moscow, 1990, p. 81.

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THE FERGHANA VALLEY DURING PERESTROIKA 203
51. Ibid, p. 79.
52. Sovet Uzbekistoni, July 6, 1989.
53. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 8, 1989.
54. A.A. Azizhujaev, ed., Uzbekistonning yangi tarikhi, Ikkinchi kitob, Uzbekiston sovet 
mustamlakachilig davrida,
Tashkent, 2000, p. 663.
55. “Pervaia sessiia Verkhovnogo Soveta SSSR,” Bulletin 2, Moscow, 1989, p. 9.
56. Tashkentskaia Pravda, June 16, 1989.
57. Izvestiia TsK KPSS, no. 10, 1989, p. 95.
58. Namangan khakikati, August 1, 1989.
59. “Khamma uchun zhiddii sabok,” Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 16, 1989.
60. Z.R. Ishankhodzhaev, Uchastie Uzbekistana v osvoenii nechernozemnoi zony RSFSR 
(1975–1985),
Tashkent, 1992, p. 15.
61. D. Bobodzhonova, Uzbekistonda izhtimoii-iktisodii munosabatlar, (70–80 yillar 
misolida)
, Tashkent, 1999, p. 124.
62. “Khamma uchun zhiddii sabok.”
63. Fargona viloiati, DA F-1124, ruikhat-15, iifma zhild-374, 84-varazh.
64. Sovet Uzbekistoni, June 16, 1990.
65. Namangan khakikati, August 1, 1989.
66. Osipov, “Ferganskie sobytiia 1989,” pp. 193–207.
67. Ferganskaia Pravda, June 8, 1989.
68. Ferganskaia Pravda, June 15, 1989.
69. Sobesednik, no. 29, 1989.
70. Vatan Eshki, no. 1, 1991, p. 3.
71. A. Golovkov, “Ranenie,” Ogonek, no. 29, 1989; K. Mialo and P. Goncharov, “Zarevo 
Fergany,” Novoe vremia, no. 37, 1989.
72. S. Ziamov, “O mezhetnicheskom konflikte 1989 g. v Uzbekistane,” Tsentralnaia 
Aziia i Kavkaz,
no. 6, 2000.
73. Vatan Eshki, no. 3, 1991.
74. Osipov, “Ferganskie sobytiia 1989,” p. 197.
75. Ibid., p. 214.
76. “Press-konferentsiia K.M. Mahkamova v Isfare,” Leninabadskaiia Pravda, July 
19, 1989.
77. Leninabadskaia Pravda, July 20, 1989.
78. Leninabadskaia Pravda, May 22, 1991.
79. www.nlobooks.ru/rus/magazines/nlo/196/328/378/.
80. “Obrashchenie uzbekskogo naseleniia Dzhalalabadskoi oblasti Kirgizskoi SSR k 
rukovodstvu SSSR” (The original is in Russian. Translated into Kyrgyz in T. Razakov, 
Koogalany KGBnyn maalymattary boiuncha,
Bishkek, 1993, pp. 104–8).
81. www.nlobooks.ru/rus/magazines/nlo/196/328/378.
82. Leninabadskaia Pravda, October 1985.
83. Leninabadskaia Pravda, January 3, 1990.
84. Leninabadskaia Pravda, January 5, 1990.
85. Leninabadskaia Pravda, August 1, 1989.
86. “Monolog aktrisy. Ne tolko o teatre,” Leninabadskaia Pravda, January, 1990.
87. The Kyrgyz co-author, B. Beshimov, of this chapter, provided the materials on 
Kyrgyzstan.
88. “Dvuiazychie i mnogoiazychie v Uzbekistane i ikh rol v kulturnom stroitelstve,” 
Uzbek tili va adabieti,
no. 2, 1989, p. 69.
89. Ibid.
90. Sovet Uzbekistoni, March 23, 1989.
91. A. Ibrokhimov, Til–takdir demakdir, Tashkent, 1990, p. 71.
92. Sovet Uzbekistoni, October 11, 1989.

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204 SHOZIMOV, BESHIMOV, YUNUSOVA
93. Sovet Uzbekistoni, April 25, 1989.
94. “Millatlararo munosabatlarni takomillashtirailik, khalklar dustligini mustakhkam-
lailik,” Inson va siesta, no. 1, 1991, p. 44.
95. “Iz doklada Pervogo sekretaria TsK KP Uzbekistana I.A. Karimova na plenume TsK 
KPSS 20 sentiabria 1989 goda,” Sovet Uzbekistoni, September 23. 1989.
96. B. Babadzhanov, “Ferghana: istochnik ili zhertva islamskogo fundamentalizma?” 
Central Asia and the Caucasus Journal,
1999, No. 4 (5).

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205
9
A New Phase in the
History of the Ferghana Valley, 
1992–2008
Baktybek Beshimov (Kyrgyz Republic), with
Pulat Shozimov (Tajikistan) and
Murat Bakhadyrov (Uzbekistan)