English Words

Environment
Refers to the context where a linguistic element occurs.
Epenthesis
The insertion of a sound inside a word.
Free morpheme
A morpheme capable of occurring on its own (i.e. a word).
Fricative
A consonant produced by narrowing the gap between the articulators
so that there is audible turbulence as the air squeezes through the narrow
gap left for it, e.g. [s] in 
see
.
Function word
A word mainly serving a grammatical function in a sentence e.g. 
the,
with, to
and 
a,
as in 
The man with a beard gave the milk to the baby
.
Fusional language
see
Inflecting
language
.
Generative rule
A rule that specifies an indefinitely large set of the structures that are
well-formed members of a class of linguistic structures, e.g. S → NP
VP. (A structure where a noun phrase is followed by a verb phrase is a
permissible sentence.)
Genitive
A marking in noun phrases used to show grammatical subordination.
The meaning of genitive constructions includes possession e.g. 
Jane’s
money,
duration e.g. 
a day’s journey
etc.
Glottal stop
A consonant produced with a narrowed or closed glottis.
Glottis
The space between the vocal cords in the larynx.
Grammatical word
This refers to the word as a morphological and syntactic entity, e.g. we
can say that 
‘
sat
is the past tense form of the verb 
sit’ see also
Function
word
.
Head
The principal, obligatory element of a construction.
Homonyms
Words that are in all ways identical in speech and writing but have
unrelated meanings, e.g. 
bat
‘little flying mammal’, and 
bat
‘wooden
implement for hitting cricket balls’.