Encyclopedia of Islam

732

¶

  Battle of Tours, France.

749

¶

  Beginning of Abbasid Caliphate.

750

¶

  Abbasids capture Damascus, ending Umayyad 

rule in Syria; Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah founds 

Abbasid Caliphate.

754

¶

  Death of al-Saffah; Abu Jaafar al-Mansur becomes 

second Abbasid caliph.

756

¶

  Establishment of Umayyad rule in Spain.

762–63

¶

  Baghdad founded by Caliph al-Mansur as the 

capital of the Abbasid Empire.

---

Chronology

  

xxxix  J

765

¶

  Death of Jaafar al-Sadiq, sixth Shii imam.

767

¶

  Death of Abu Hanifa, Iraqi jurist and eponym of 

the Hanafi Legal School.

785–86

¶

  The building of the Great Mosque at Cordoba.

795

¶

  Death of Malik ibn Anas, jurist of Medina and 

eponym of the Maliki Legal School.

798

¶

  Death of Abu Yusuf, co-founder of Hanafi Legal 

School.

801

¶

  Death of female mystic Rabia al-Adawiyya.

804

¶

  Death of Shaybani, Kufan jurist and cofounder 

of Hanafi Legal School.

808

¶

  Foundation of Fez in the Maghrib.

818

¶

  Death of Ali al-Rida, the eighth Shii imam.

820

¶

  Death of al-Shafii, founder of the Shafii Legal 

School.

827

¶

  Abbasid caliph al-Mamun launches inquisition 

to impose the Mutazili doctrines as the state 

religious ideology.

839

¶

  Muslims capture Sicily and southern Italy.

855

¶

  Death of Ahmad ibn Hanbal, hadith scholar and 

eponym of the Hanbali Legal School.

866

¶

  Death of al-Kindi, early Arab philosopher.

870

¶

  Death of al-Bukhari, author of the most respected 

Sunni canonical collection of hadith.

874–939

¶

  Period of Lesser Occultation of Muhammad al-

Mahdi, the twelfth Shii imam.

909

¶

  Foundation of Fatimid Ismaili Shii dynasty in 

North Africa.

910

¶

  Death of the Sufi teacher al-Junayd.

912–61

¶

  Golden age of Umayyad rule in Andalusia.

922

¶

  Crucifixion of the Sufi al-Hallaj in Baghdad.

923

¶

  Death of the Quran commentator and historian 

al-Tabari in Iraq.

929

¶

  Qarmati Shiis attack Mecca and remove the 

Black Stone from the Kaaba.

---

K  xl