Dr. Carlos F. Márquez Linares Dr. Enrique F. Quero Gervilla Doctoral Programme in Languages, Texts and Contexts Faculty of Translation and Interpreting university of granada

RECOMMENDED TRANSLATION: Pure DT Владение без права передачи Vladenie bez prava peredachi L.t.: ownership without a right of assignation/transfer

In this case Calque is not usually applied to a figurative term element, but rather its meaning is explained. The term dead hand and its synonym mortmain (Lingvo) stand for “an inalienable possession of lands or buildings by an ecclesiastical or other corporation” (Merriam-Webster). The old English word mortmain “comes from the Old French words "morte" (meaning "dead") and "main" (meaning "hand")” (Merriam-Webster). Both dead hand and mortmain currently “describe property that is left to a company, church, or charity in perpetuity” and refer to the tradition of “the dead exercising posthumous control over their property by dictating how it must be used after they die” (Merriam-Webster).

The analysis of the dictionaries, glossaries and Ruscorpora revealed three forms of the term in Russian (see table 4). One of the term forms was created using Calque: мёртвая рука (Lingvo) (mjortvaja ruka). Nevertheless, such a term form is rarely used in the fields of Economics, Law or Management with the initial figurative meaning. In addition to this, it is often used with comments or is accompanied by a descriptive term form (see table 4).

Another term form in Russian was created with the help of DT, describing the actual process: владение без права передачи (vladenie bez prava peredachi, L.t.: the possession without the right of transfer (into the ownership)). The descriptive form of the term is oriented towards its function in the special field of Corporate Governance and reveals its figurative meaning. It is often used as the definition for the term мёртвая рука: which is often used and mentioned in the dictionaries): “"мертвая рука" - термин, означающий "владение без права передачи"”

(Grigorjan, 2012) (L.t.: “dead hand” – the term meaning “the possession without the right of assignation”).

Another term form can be attributed to the group of Additional or Irrelevant Components because of its extra explanatory term components: неотчуждаемое право собственности на недвижимость, принадлежащую какому-либо учреждению (церковному, благотворительному и т. п.) (Academic) (neotchuzhdaemoe pravo sobstvennosti na nedvizhimost’, prinadlezhashhuju kakomu-libo uchrezhdeniju (comment); L.t.: inalienable property right on real estate, belonging to an institution (church, charity etc.). The Russian term is used in the dictionaries on the Internet; however, it is mostly used as a definition for the term, created using Calque: мёртвая рука. Nevertheless, the term form мёртвая рука is not recommended as the translation for the English term dead hand because of its lack of clarity, and active usage in other fields.

The term form владение без права передачи (IFC; Lingvo) (vladenie bez prava peredachi; L.t.: ownership without the right of assignation/transfer) may be considered as the relevant translation of the source term, because of its transparent and convenient form and high possibility for its practical use.

4. Pure DT. Explanation of Content Using Componens of Other Terms

The term to go public in Russian represents a classic Pure DT case, i.e. the term form has a purely descriptive form aimed at the disclosure of the term content. However, its form is ambiguous, because it is based on the content components, which are present in other terms from the same field.