Confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of corruption crimes in Eastern Europe and Central Asia


Criminal special non-conviction-based confiscation



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Criminal special non-conviction-based confiscation 
In accordance with Article 54 of the UN Convention against Corruption, states should consider taking such 
measures as may be necessary to allow confiscation of property acquired through or involved in the 
commission of a corruption offence without a criminal conviction in cases in which the offender cannot be 
prosecuted by reason of death, flight or absence or in other appropriate cases. 


60 
 
Financial Action Task Force on Money Laundering (FATF) in ‘Forty Recommendations’ dated 20 June 
2003, in particular, mentions that countries can take such actions that would enable confiscation of 
instrumentalities and proceeds of crime without criminal conviction of an offender, if such requirement does 
not contradict the principles of their domestic law (Recommendation No. 3). 
European Union Directive 2014/42/UE in paragraph 2 of Article 4 (confiscation) establishes that in the 
events if confiscation of instrumentalities and proceeds of crime because of the conviction cannot be enabled
and as minimum in the events when impossibility of confiscation is caused by illness or escape of the person 
suspected or accused of crime, member states are to take necessary actions to enable confiscation of 
instrumentalities and proceeds under the cases, when criminal proceeding related to crime, which could result 
in, directly or indirectly, pecuniary gain and could cause conviction, if suspected or accused person could be 
brought before a court. 
In many ACN countries law stipulates criminal confiscation of the instrumentalities or proceeds of crimes, 
without conviction primarily on very restricted grounds. 
Thus, legislation of 
Ukraine
permits special confiscation based on the court’s ruling to exempt from criminal 
responsibility, which does not lead to conviction, and when it comes to property, which has been seized – in 
the same way based on the court’s ruling to close criminal proceeding by reasons other than exemption of a 
person from criminal responsibility, or based on the court’s ruling pursuant to part 9 of Article 100 of the 
Criminal Procedure Code of Ukraine, if criminal proceeding is closed by an investigator or a prosecutor and 
at their request (part 2 of Article 96-1 of Ukraine). 
According to Article 498 of the Criminal Procedure Code of 

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