Communication barriers

1.2 Barriers to mass communication

A communication barrier is usually understood as everything that prevents effective communication and blocks it.

As the basis for the classification of communicative barriers, it is advisable to single out the environment (external conditions) of communication, technical means of communication and the person himself as the main character of any communicative act.
There are 4 classes of barriers.
1. Barriers due to environmental factors
These include characteristics of the external physical environment that create uncomfortable conditions for the transmission and perception of information:

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  acoustic interference - noise in the room or outside the window, repair work, phone calls, etc.;
  
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  distracting environment - everything that can distract the attention of interlocutors (bright or dim light, etc.);
  
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  temperature conditions - too cold or hot in the room;
  
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  weather conditions - rain, wind, pressure, etc.
  

Each of these factors can affect the effectiveness of communication due to its influence on the individual psycho-physiological characteristics of communicants .
2. Technical barriers
The technical barrier consists in the fact that certain phenomena interfere with finding and obtaining the necessary information. Technical barriers include "noise" and "interference". The concept of "noise" is associated with technological problems, and meant disturbances that are not part of the message transmitted by the source. The source of noise has the ability to destroy information, thereby increasing the degree of uncertainty of the receiver. It is possible to single out such technical barriers to communication, which are also caused by the human factor: improper use of communication technology; the wrong choice of technical means for transmitting a message.
At first glance, it may seem that in the world of modern technology, communication problems have been solved. But most communication barriers are human-made.
3. Human barriers
Human barriers can be divided into interlingual, social, psychological, psychophysiological, socio - cultural communication barriers. Let's look at each barrier in detail.
1) Interlanguage barriers
Participants in communication speak different languages and cannot find common ground in communication.
2) Social barriers.
The barrier is associated with different positions in society and different social groups. The social barrier is further divided into barriers:

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  Barrier of different living standards;
  
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  Barrier of national cultures;
  
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  Barrier of lies and deceit.
  

3) Psychological barriers
Some mental states (indifference, indifference, apathy and even depression) and mental personality traits (isolation, shyness, bashfulness) can act as psychological barriers. Psychological barriers perform two main functions:

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  Function of a psychological obstacle;
  
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  Function of psychological protection.
  

4) Psychophysical barriers
Such barriers may arise due to psychophysical disorders (stuttering, burr, loss of voice, deafness).
5) Socio-cultural barriers
People are representatives of certain social qualities. They are representatives of a particular nation, social group. All this generates sociocultural barriers.
4. Communication barriers
Communication barriers can also be divided into barriers:
1) Semantic barrier
The message uses ambiguous words.
2) Phonetic barrier
The message uses fast, inexpressive, or slow speech; accents (parasitic sounds)
3) Stylistic barrier
The style of the message does not match the situation of existence.
4) Logic barrier
Inside the message is a complex logic of reasoning.
5) Professional rejection
6) Non-standard message participants
The object of the message does not match the opening of the attraction.
7) Inertia of inclusion
When the message is confronted with other issues, the brilliance and significance of the message is not strong enough to distract it.
It is important for almost all people to be able to communicate in such a way that they are understood correctly, that their words do not run into a wall of misunderstanding, that they are listened to and heard. For many people, the ability to “communicate” their opinion, their knowledge to a partner is part of the profession, so they should give priority to the problem of communication barriers and improve practical skills to overcome them.