Chuliyev mirjaxon

GIBRIDLANISH


1. Markaziy atomi sp-gibridlanish holatida bo'lgan zarrachalarni ko'rsating.
1) PO₄⁺³; 2) CO₂; 3) H₂O; 4) SO₂;
5) BeCl₂
A) 2,3 B) 2, 5 С) 1, 4 D) 3, 5


2.Quyidagi birikmada uglerod atomlari qanday gibridlanish holatida ekanligini toping CH₂=C=CH-CH₃
A) faqat sp² B) sp³ va sp²
C) sp³, sp va sp² D) sp va sp²


3.Qaysi modda sp³ gibridlangan atom tutadi ?
A) CH₄, H₂O, NH₃ B) BCl₃; NH₃, PH₃
С) SiH₄, CH₄, C₂H₄ D) H₂O; H₂S; BeF₂


4. Suv molekulasida gibridlanish turi va molekula shaklini toping.
A) sp, burchakli B) sp³, tetraedr ,
C) sp³, burchakli D) sp², trigonal piramida


5.Quyida keltirilgan molekulalar ichidan sp² gibridlanish holatida bo'lganlarini tanlang.
1) BF₃; 2)CH≡CH; 3)CH₂=CH₂;
4)CH₃-CH₃; 5) CO₂; 6) H₂O
A) 1,3, 4 B) 2, 4 C) 1, 5, 6 D)1,3


6.Quyida keltirilgan zarrachalar ichidan sp³ gibridlanish holatida bo'lganlarini tanlang.
1) metan; 2) ammiak; 3) ammoniy ioni;
4) suv; 5) sulfit angidrid; 6) etilen; 7) berilliy xlorid; 8) bor ftorid
A) 1, 2, 3, 4 B) 4, 6, 7, 8
С)1, 2, 4, 6 D) 5, 6, 7, 8


7. 1 - Butadiyen-1, 3 (CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂) molekulasidagi σ- va π-bog' hosil qilishda ishtirok etgan orbitallar sonini hisoblang.
l)s-6; 2) s-4; 3) p-2; 4) p-4; 5) sp-yo'q; 6) sp-8; 7) sp-4; 8) sp²-12; 9) sp²-9; 10)sp²-6; 11)sp²-yo'q; 12)sp³-12; 13) sp³-8; 14) sp³-4; 15) sp³-yo'q
A) 1, 3, 5, 8,14 B) 1, 4, 5, 8,15
C)1,4,6,9,12 D) 2, 3,7,10,13


8. Butadiyen-1,3 (CH₂=CH-CH=CH₂) molekulasidagi gibrid orbitallar sonini hisoblang.
A) 9 B) 10 C)11 D) 12


9.Propan molekulasini hosil qilishda ishtirok etgan s- va sp³-orbitallar sonini hisoblang.
A) 8; 3 B) 0; 12 C) 8; 12 D)4;8


10.Propilen molekulasida (CH₂=CH-CH₃) σ-bog'larni hosil qilishda qaysi orbitallardan, nechtadan ishtirok etganligini toping.
1)s-4; 2) s-6; 3) p-yo'q; 4) p-2; 5) sp³-2; 6) sp³-4; 7)sp²-4; 8)sp²-6
A) 2, 3, 6, 8 B) 1,4, 5, 7
C)2,4,6,8 D) 1, 3,6, 7


11.Gibridlanishda atom orbitallari soni qanday o'zgaradi?
A) o'zgarmaydi B) ortadi
C) kamayadi D) ortadi yoki kamayadi


12. SiO₂ va СО₂ dagi markaziy atomning gibridlanishi qandayligini toping.
A) sp B) sp³ va sp C) sp³ D) sp³ va sp²


13.Ozon molekulasidagi markaziy atomning gibridlanishini aniqlang.
A) sp³ B) sp² C)sp D) gibridlanmaydi


14.Uglerod allotropik shakllari uchun qanday gibridlanish xosligini toping.
1)olmos; 2)grafit; 3) karbin; 4) fullerin
a)sp b)sp² c)sp³
A) 1-c, 2-b, 3-a, 4-b B) 1-c, 2-c, 3-c, 4-c
C)1-c, 2-b, 3-a, 4-a D) 1-b, 2-b, 3-a, 4-b


15. SF₆ molekulasining shaklini aniqlang.
A) tetraedr B) tekis kvadrat
C) oktaedr D) kvadrat piramida
16.Quyidagi birikmalar ichidan tekis kvadrat shaklidagisini tanlang.
A)SF₆ B)XeF₄ C)ClF₆ D) SF₂


17. NH₃ va NH₄⁺ ionlari uchun quyidagi xususiyatlardan qaysilari umumiy emas?
1.markaziy atomning valentligi;
2.markaziy atomning oksidlanish darajasi
3.gibridlanish turi;
4.zarrachaning fazoviy shakli
A) 1,2, 3,4 В) 1, 4 С) 2,3 D)1,2,4


18. ClO^-1; ClO₂^-1; ClO₃^-1; ClO₄ ^{- l} ionlari quyidagi xususiyatlardan qaysi biri umumiy?
1.markaziy atomning gibridlanishi;
2.markaziy atomning ekvivalenti;
3.markaziy atomning oksidlanish darajasi
4.zarrachaning fazoviy shakli
A) 1,4 B) 2,3 D)1 D)1,3,4


19. СО₂, SO₂ va SiO₂ uchun umumiy bo'lgan xususiyatlarni ko'rsating.
1.markaziy atomning oksidlanish darajasi;
2.markaziy atomning valentligi;
3.zarrachaning fazoviy shakli;
4.markaziy atomning gibridlanishi ;
A)1,2,3 В) 1, 2, 3, 4 C)2,4 D)1,2


20.

1
1
аtom tarkibi 2
C)Klechkovskiy D) Rezerford 11
ELEKTRON KONFIGURATSIYA 12
D)a-4s²3d⁵; b-3p⁶3p⁶; c-3p⁶3d³ 12

4.donor-akseptor bog' ining mavjudligi;
5.markaziy atomning oksidlanish darajasi
A) 1,2,4 B)2,4 C) 1,3,4 D)2,3,5


21. sp³ –gibridlangan orbitallari 12 ta bo’lgan modda(lar)ni ko’rsating.
A)HClO₄ B)H₂SO₄
C) HClO₄ va H₃PO₄ D) H₃PO₄


22.

1
1
аtom tarkibi 2
C)Klechkovskiy D) Rezerford 11
ELEKTRON KONFIGURATSIYA 12
D)a-4s²3d⁵; b-3p⁶3p⁶; c-3p⁶3d³ 12

4.molekulaning fazoviy tuzilishi
A) 1,3, 4 B) 1,2, 3,4 C) 1, 3 D)l,4


23.Metil metakrilat (СН₃С(СН₃)СООСН₃) molekulasidagi σ-bog’ larni hosil qilishda nechta orbital qatnashadi ?
A) 30 B) 28 C) 34 D) 32


24.Sulfat kislota molekulasida σ-bog' larni hosil qilishda nechta orbital qatnashadi?
A)20 B) 12 C)16 D) 14


25. Fosforli birikma tarkibida 2 ta σ- va 1 ta π- bog’ bo'lsa, fosforning gibridlanishi qanday bo'lishi mumkinligini toping.
A) sp³ B) bunday birikma mavjud emas
C) sp² D) sp


26. Fosfat kislota molekulasida nechta orbital borligini (a), nechta orbital bog' hosil qilishda shtirok etganligini (b), nechta gibrid orbital borligini (c), nechta gibrid orbital bog’ hosil qililishda ishtirok etganligini (d), nechta orbital σ- bog' hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligi (e), nechta gibrid orbital σ-bog' hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (f) toping.
A)a-24; b-16; c-18; d-11; e-14; f-11
B)a-24; b-16; c-19; d-11; e-14; f-11
C)a-22; b-16; c-19; d-11; e-14; f-11
D)a-24; b-16; c-19; d-8; e-14; f-10


27. Xlorat kislota molekulasida nechta orbital borligjni (a) nechta orbital bog' hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (b), nechta gibrid orbital borligini (c), nechta gibrid orbital bog’ hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (d), nechta orbital σ-bog’ hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligi (e), nechta gibrid orbital σ-bog' hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (f) toping
A)a-19; b-12; c-14; d-7; e-8; f-7
B)a- 22; b-12; c-14; d-7;e-10; f-7
C) a-19; b-12; c-14; d-7;e-8; f-4
D) a- 20; b-10; c-12; d-8;e-8; f-6


29.Pirofofat kislota molekulasida nechta nechta orbital borligini (a) nechta orbital bog‘ hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (b), nechta gibrid nechta gibrid orbital borligini (c) nechta gibrid orbital bog’ hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (d), nechta orbital σ-bog’ hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligi (e), nechta gibrid orbital σ-bog’ hosil qilishda ishtirok etganligini (f) toping.
A)a-42; b-24; c-34; d-20; e-24; f-20
B)a-42; b-24; c-34; d-24; e-20; f-20
C)a-40; b-28; c-44; d-20; e-18; f-24
D)a-42; b-28; c-34; d-20; e-24; f-20


30.Pirofosfat kislota molekulasida nechta sp³-sp³ bog' borligini toping.
A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7


31.Qaysi moddalarda sp³d-gibridlangan atomlar bor?
1) uglerod (IV) xlorid; 2) azot; 3) fosfor (V) xlorid; 4) brom (III) ftorid; 5) azot (III) xlorid; 6) oltingugurt (IV) xlorid
A)1,3,6 B)3,4,6 C)2,4,5 D)1,2,5


32.Quyidagi birikmalardagi xlorning gibridlanishini toping.
ClF₃, ClF₅, HС1O₂, HClO₃
A) sp³; sp³d²; sp²; sp³ B) sp³; sp³; sp³; sp³
C) sp²; sp³d; sp; sp² D) sp³d; sp³d²; sp³; sp³


33.Sariq qon tuzidagi markaziy atomning gibridlanishini aniqlang.
A) sp² B) sp³ C) sp³d D) sp³d²


34. BF₃, BCl₃, SO₃ uchun umumiy bo'lgan xususiyat(lar)ni ko'rsating.
1.markaziy atomning gibridlanishi;
2.markaziy atomning valentligi;
3.molekulaning fazoviy strukturasi;
4.bog' qutbli, molekula qutbsiz bo'lishi;
5.valent burchak qiymati
A) 2 B) 1, 2, 3,4 C)1,3,4,5 D) 4


35.Sulfat kislotaning qanday massasida 3,612∙10²³ ta sp³-sp³ bog’ mavjud ?
A) 19,6 B) 24,5 C)29,4 D)39,2


36.Trixromat kislota molekulasidagi bog' hosil qilgan orbitallar soni bog' hosil qilmagan orbitallardan nechtaga ko'p?
A) 20 B) 40 C)60 D) 50