Chapter- 4 : Reagents (solution) used in clinical laboratories



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chapter 4 reagents

Standard….

    • In the preparation of secondary standard solutions the following points should be taken into consideration:
      • Using analytical balance for weighing.
      • Dissolving the weighted substance in the prescribed volume of solvent.
      • Determining the exact concentration by comparison against a primary standard solution.
      • Diluting stock secondary standard solutions using exact measurements.

4.7. Staining solutions

    • Staining solutions are solutions that contain colored dyes.
    • These solutions can contain basic, acidic or neutral dyes.
    • Different stains are used in medical laboratories to give an artificial color for the substances to be identified from a given biological specimen (whole blood, body fluids, urine, etc.).
    • The substances may be identified by their characteristic reaction with the staining solutions.

Staining …

    • Based on their reaction, there are three kinds of stains:
  • 1. Basic stains
  • 2. Acidic stains
  • 3. Neutral stains

Staining …

  • 1. Basic Stains
  • Are stains in which the colouring substance is contained in the base part of the stain and the acidic part is colourless.
  • Example : Methylene blue stain, Safranin, Genetian violet, Carbolfuchsin etc.

Staining …

  • 2. Acidic Stains
  • Are stains in which the colouring substance is contained
  • in the acidic part of the stain and the base part is colourless. E.g. eosin.
  • 3. Neutral Stains
  • Are stains in which the acidic and basic components of stains are coloured.
  • Neutral dyes stain both nucleic acid and cytoplasm. e.g Giemsa’s stain, Wright’s stain.

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