Caroline njambi united states international university africa

Table 3.1: Population Distribution 
No Department 
Population 
Characteristics 
Total 
Population 
Percentage of 
Entire Population 
1 
Human Resources 
Managers 
1 
0.24 
Non-Managers 
2 
0.49 
2 
Adminstration and 
Procurement 
Managers 
1 
0.24 
Non-Managers 
29 
7.04 
3 
Communications 
Managers 
1 
0.24 
Non-Managers 
2 
0.49 
4 
Finance 
Managers 
1 
0.24 
Non-Managers 
11 
2.67 
5 
Programmes 
Managers 
6 
1.46 
Non-Managers 
358 
86.89 
TOTAL 
412 
100 
(Source: 
Amref, 
2014) 
 
3.3.2.1 Sampling Frame 
The sampling frame for this study consisted of 412 employees from various departments of 
Amref Health Africa in Kenya. The list from which the sample was drawn was obtained from 
the human resource department of Amref Health Africa in Kenya. Sampling frame refers to 
the list of elements from which the sample is actually drawn, and is closely related to the 
population (Cooper and Schindler, 2001). According to Cooper and Schindler (2011) it is a 
complete and correct list of population members only. However, it is important to note that 
the sampling frame often differs from the theoretical population because of errors and 
omissions. It is therefore a matter of judgment when it comes to exactly how much inaccuracy 

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one can accept while choosing a sampling frame.
3.3.2.2 Sampling Technique 
The stratified random sampling technique was used in the selection of sample elements (top 
management personnel) from the sampling frame. The population can be segregated into 
several mutually exclusive sub populations, or strata, the process by which the sample is 
constrained to include fundamentals from each of the segments is referred to as stratified 
random sampling. Stratified random sampling has three main benefits, it: increases a sample‟s 
statistical efficiency, provides adequate data for analyzing the various subpopulations and 
enables different research methods and procedures to be used in different strata (Cooper and 
Schindler, 2001).
The study population was segmented on the basis of various departments of Amref Health 
Africa in Kenya and comprised: Finance, Communication, Programmes, Human Resources 
and Administration and Procurement. This ensured representation across the various 
departments. Proportionate stratified sampling approach was used.