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12. Explanatory relation:
His hatred for dogs is very well grounded: he was bitten by one when he was a child (Ganshina).
We worked hard: Ron carried bricks and I laid them.
Хотинлар ташвишли ҳаракатга тушдилар: бири кириб кетишга шошди, бири нима иш килишини билмагандай шошиб қолди... (А.Мухтор)
In compound sentences almost each clause has its rheme:
I wrote a letter, he watched TV.
Мен хат ёздим, у телевизор кўрди.
This pencil is long, that pencil is short.
Бу қалам узун, наригиси калта.
The order of clauses in English and Uzbek compound sentences is similar:
In compound sentences (1), (4) the order of clauses are free, in (2), (3), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11) is fixed.
As in other languages compound sentences in English and Uzbek may be open and closed. Closed compound sentences, in contrast to closed compound sentences, cannot take other clauses. Below are some examples of 1) open and 2) closed compound sentences:
The birds sing their small hearts out, the band plays its gayest tunes, the white clouds race in the high blue heavens (Galsworthy).
«Қатортол кишлогининг табиати ҳам тезгина жонланди, кун сайин гуркиради ва тоғ этаклари, сой қирғоқлари баҳорнинг эркатойи бўлган чечаклар ва кўм-кўк ўтлар билан ясанди (М.Асқарова).
The room was dark, but the street was lighter (Dickens).
Take it or leave it (Barkhudarov).
Simon had apparently been working, for the table in the middle was littered with papers (Maugham).
He did not play at school, nor did he study (London).
Нима воқеалар бўлганини ҳеч ким билмас эди, аммо бепоён саҳронинг қоқ ўртасидаги бу ерга аллақандай миш-миш гаплар эшитилган эди (А.Мухтор).
Унинг ҳам кўзи қаттиқ, ҳам тили тез эди (Ойбек).
На кундузи оромим бор, на уйқуда ҳаловат (Уйгун).
Сиз кетинг бу маҳалладан ё биз кўчиб кетамиз (A.Қaҳҳop).
Сув келди - нур келди.
As for as the use of the grammatical categories in compound sentences concerned, they are all used in this type of the sentence. But the use of them to some extent depends on the above given types of compound sentences.E.g.
in the compound sentences the components of which are connected by the conjunctions neither ...nor, на....на, the predicate verbs have the same categorical forms of tense and negation. For examples see (5).
in the compound sentences the components of which are connected by now... now, дам... дам, гоҳ... гоҳ, бир... бир, ҳали... ҳали, not only... but (also), нафақат... (балки)... ҳам, фақатгина... эмас ... (балки)... ҳам, фақат ...гина эмас, (балки)..., by the words expressing order and parallel construction the predicative-verbs are in the same tense form For examples see (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (10), (12)
In the three languages compared the clauses of compound sentences may be one-member and two-member sentences.
In the languages compared the components of the compound sentences can be subjected to pacelling (ажралиб чи^иш), as a result of which there may appear complicated syntactic units:
Notes above warned him that the maids were beginning to get up. And grasping two valises, he tiptoed on downstairs (Galsworthy).
He wished to pay the mason the just value of his work, no more and no less. But this he could not ascertain (Shaw).
Surely, Amela could not refuse such advantageous changes for the boy. Nor could she (Thackeray).
He felt like a gap among it all. Whereas the Captain was prouder, override (Lawrence).
Eulalia was so moved that she could weep again. Nevertheless he wrote to her friends in Glasgow promising to be with them by a stated date (Coppard).
Unfortunately, our present needs are completely covered and we cannot make use of the 40 bags sent in excess of our order. These bags will, therefore, be held in our warehouse until we receive your instructions (Gardside).
The service was terrible slow. Consequently all the consumers got angry (Gardside).
She only valued rest to herself when it came in the midst of other people's labour. Hence, she hated Sundays... (Hardy)
Бу эргаш гапда пайт мазмуни ҳам, шарт мазмуни ҳам бор. Аммо у ran грамматик қурилишига ва асосий мазмуни пайт бўлишига кўра пайт эргаш ran саналади (Х.УАТ).
Any syntactic unit is formed by a certain pattern. The main patterns of compound sentences are as follows:
(Note: S for sentence, ant.con for antonymic connection, = for connection by parallel constructions, ~ for intonational connection, log.r. for logical connection)
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