Yalpi Ichki Mahsulot (YaIM) bu… … muayyan vaqt mobaynida mamlakatda ishlab chiqarilgan pirovard tovar va xizmatlar qiymatining bozor qiymati yig’indisi

Misol uchun:

Har bir yil uchun nominal YaIM ni hisoblaymiz:

2005: $10 x 400 + $2 x 1000 = $6,000

2006: $11 x 500 + $2.50 x 1100 = $8,250

2007: $12 x 600 + $3 x 1200 = $10,800

	Pizza		Latte
yillar	P	Q	P	Q
2005	$10	400	$2.00	1000
2006	$11	500	$2.50	1100
2007	$12	600	$3.00	1200

37.5%
O’sish:
30.9%
(($8,250 - $6,000)/ $6,000)*100%=
37,5%
(($10,800 - $8,250)/ $8,250)*100%=
30,9%

Misol uchun:

Bazaviy yilni 2005 yil deb hisoblab real YaIMni hisoblaymiz:

	Pizza		Latte
yillar	P	Q	P	Q
2005	$10	400	$2.00	1000
2006	$11	500	$2.50	1100
2007	$12	600	$3.00	1200

20.0%
O’sish:
16.7%
$10
$2.00
2005: $10 x 400 + $2 x 1000 = $6,000
2006: $10 x 500 + $2 x 1100 = $7,200
2007: $10 x 600 + $2 x 1200 = $8,400
(($7,200 - $6,000)/ $6,000)*100%=
20%
(($8,400 - $7,200)/ $7,200)*100%=
16,7%

Misol uchun:

Har bir yil uchun,

• nominal YaIM o’sha davr uchun joriy bozor narxlaridan foydalangan holda hisoblanadi.
• real YaIM bazaviy yildagi o‘zgarmas (constant) narxlardan foydalangan holda hisoblanadi (bu misolda 2005 yil narxlarida).

yillar	Nominal YaIM		Real YaIM
2005	$6000		$6000
2006	$8250		$7200
2007	$10,800		$8400

Misol uchun:

• Nominal YaIM dagi o’zgarish narxlar va miqdordagi o’zgarishni aks ettiradi.

yillar	Nominal YaIM		Real YaIM
2005	$6000		$6000
2006	$8250		$7200
2007	$10,800		$8400

20.0%
16.7%
37.5%
30.9%

• Real YaIM narxlar o’zgarmaganda (inflyatsiya yuz bermaganda) YaIM qancha o’sganini ko’rsatadi.

Shuning uchun real YaIM inflyatsiyaga to’g’irlangan deyiladi.

AQShda Nominal va Real YaIM 1965-2007

Real YaIM (bazoviy yil 2000)
Nominal YaIM

Milliardlarda

YaIM Defilyatori

• YaIM defilyatori barcha narxlar darajasini o’lchaydi
• Ta’rifi:

• Iqtisodiyotning inflyasiya darajasini o’lchashning bir usuli bu YaIM defilyatorining yildan-yilga foizda o’sishini hisoblashdir.

YaIM defilyatori =100% x
nominal YaIM
real YaIM

Misol uchun:

Har bir yil uchun YaIM defilyatorini hisoblaymiz:

yillar	Nominal YaIM	Real YaIM	YaIM Defilyatori
2005	$6000	$6000
2006	$8250	$7200
2007	$10,800	$8400

2005: 100% x ($6000/$6000) = 100.0%
100.0%
2006: 100% x ($8250/$7200) = 114.6%
114.6%
2007: 100% x ($10,800/$8400) = 128.6%
128.6%
14.6%
12.2%
((114,6%-100%)/100%)*100%
((128,6%-114,6%)/114,6%)*100%

Faol o’rganish uchun vazifa 2 YaIMni hisoblash

Yuqorigi ma’lumotlardan foydalanib hisoblang:
A. 2007 yil uchun nominal YaIM.
B. 2008 yil uchun real YaIM.
C. 2009 yil uchun YaIM defilyatori.

	2007 (bazoviy yil)		2008		2009
	P	Q	P	Q	P	Q
A tovar	$30	900	$31	1,000	$36	1050
B tovar	$100	192	$102	200	$100	205

Faol o’rganish uchun vazifa 2 YaIMni hisoblash

A. 2007 yil uchun nominal YaIM.
$30 x 900 + $100 x 192 = $46,200
B. 2008 yil uchun real YaIM.
$30 x 1000 + $100 x 200 = $50,000

	2007 (bazaviy yil)		2008		2009
	P	Q	P	Q	P	Q
A tovar	$30	900	$31	1,000	$36	1050
B tovar	$100	192	$102	200	$100	205

2008 yil uchun nominal YaIM.
$31 x 1000 + $102 x 200 = $51,400

Faol o’rganish uchun vazifa 2 YaIMni hisoblash

C. 2009 yil uchun YaIM defilyatori.
Nom YaIM = $36 x 1050 + $100 x 205 = $58,300
Real YaIM = $30 x 1050 + $100 x 205 = $52,000
YaIM defilyatori = 100% x (Nom YaIM)/(Real YaIM)
= 100% x ($58,300)/($52,000) = 112.1%

	2007 (bazaviy yil)		2008		2009
	P	Q	P	Q	P	Q
A tovar	$30	900	$31	1,000	$36	1050
B tovar	$100	192	$102	200	$100	205

YaIM va iqtisodiy farovonlik

• Jon boshiga real YaIM o’rtacha fuqaroning yashash standarti asosiy ko’rsatkichidir.
• Ammo YaIM farovonlikning mukammal ko’rsatkichi emas.
• Robert Kennedy YaIMning lo’nda va qattiq tanqid qilgan:

Yalpi Ichki Mahsulot

“… farzandlar salomatligini, ular ta’limi sifatini va o’yinlari maroqliligini ko’rsatib bera olmaydi.

U she’riyat go’zalligini, oilalar mustahkamligini, ijtimoiy bahslarning oqillik darajasini yoki davlat xizmatchilari to’g’riligi ham ko’rsatolmaydi.
U na bizning shijoatimiz, na tafakkurimizni, nada vatanparvarlik darajamizni o’lchay oladi.
Qisqasi u hayotimizga mazmun baxsh etagigan narsalardan boshqa xamma narsani o’lchaydi.”
- Senator Robert Kennedy, 1968

YaIM inobatga olmaydi

• Atrof muhitga ta’sirlarni
• Monetizasiya qilinmagan vaqt – dam olish vaqtni
• Ota-onalar farzand tarbiyasi uchun sarflagan vaqt kabi monetaziya qilinmagan vaqtni

GDP and Life Expectancy in 12 countries

Life expectancy (years)
Real GDP per capita
U.S.
Germany
Japan
Mexico
Russia
Brazil
China
India
Indonesia
Pakistan
Bangladesh
Nigeria

GDP and Literacy in 12 countries

Adult Literacy (% of population)
Real GDP per capita
U.S.
Germany
Japan
Mexico
Russia
Brazil
China
India
Indonesia
Nigeria
Pakistan
Bangladesh

GDP and Internet Usage in 12 countries

Internet Usage (% of population)
Real GDP per capita
U.S.
Germany
Japan
Mexico
Russia
Brazil
China
India
Indonesia
Nigeria
Bangladesh
Pakistan