Writing: Model

The table below gives information about the underground railway net- works in six cities.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main fea- tures, and make comparisons where relevant.

Adapted from Cambridge IELTS 5

The table reveals the opening years, route lengths and annual passenger counts of six cities’ subway systems.

Overall, it is clear from the table that the older underground railway services have longer routes and more yearly passengers than the newer ones.

Concentrating on the older networks, the oldest of all is in London, having been opened in 1863. It also has the highest route length, with 775 million passengers annually using its 394km of track. The second oldest and longest is in Paris; its opening was in 1900 and it runs for 199km. Tokyo possesses the third oldest system, but, as it carries 1191 million passengers per year, it has the largest annual passenger count.

Turning to the newer systems, the shortest and least used is Kyoto’s. Inaugu- rated in 1981, it has 11km of route and transports 45 million people per year. In Washington DC, 144 million people use the city’s 126km long subway, which has been operational since 1976. The newest system, opened in 2001, is in Los Angeles, serving 50 million yearly passengers along its 28km track length.

The first chart below shows how energy is used in an average British household. The second chart shows the greenhouse gas emissions which result from this energy use.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main fea- tures, and make comparisons where relevant.



Adapted from Cambridge IELTS 10

The first chart illustrates data regarding the division of energy in an average home in Britain. The second chart demonstrates the proportional amounts of greenhouse gas emissions which are produced by this energy use.

Overall, the charts show that the greatest proportion of energy in a British household is used byheating, although it is water heating which is the largest contributor of greenhouse gas emissions.

In terms of how energy is divided, cooling demands the lowest energy share of a British home at just 2%. Lighting and refrigeration are the next least en- ergy-hungry categories, taking up 4% and 7% of energy respectively. Water heating requires 30%, while just over two fifths of an average household’s

energy is used by heating. The remainder is accounted for by other appli- ances.

Turning to the ordinary British household’s greenhouse gas emissions, cool- ing again reports the lowest figure, contributing 3%. Lighting is responsible for 8%, and refrigeration and heating make almost identical contributions with 14% and 15% respectively. Almost a third of greenhouse gas emissions are caused by water heating, whereas other appliances make up the remaining 28%.