"To be" and its functions. "To have" and its functions

I. Translate the following sentences. Pay attention to the use of participles:


1. A direct current is one which always flows through a conducting circuit in the same direction.
2. The tube containing 5 electrodes - the cathode, the plate, the control grid, the screen grid and the supressor grid is called a pentode.
3. When speaking about thermionic emission we should know that all metals are composed of positive and negative charges.
4. This effect prevents the escape of the free electrons to the surrounding space.
5. In electric tubes the emitting material is heated by an electric current flowing through the material or through an electric heater.
6. A control element being placed between the cathode and anode in the tube is called a grid.
7. Having discovered the properties of the electron, scientists used it for the service of man.
8. While isolating and separating radium, Curie found other radioactive elements.


II. Translate the sentences. Pay attention to the use of Participle II as an attribute:


1. A computer processes the information supplied.
2. The resistance of a conductor is proportional to its length, it is inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area and it depends on the material used.
3. The temperature at the sensing head selected is shown on the meter scale.
4. All the information on the word chosen is taken from the vocabulary to the high speed store of the computer.
5. The Russian text translated is printed out on a paper tape.
6. These self-learning cybernetic systems can collect various data needed, analyse them and perform certain operations as a result of the analysis.
7. The machine processes this information given in accordance with the rules of arithmetic or other formal logic and represents the final result in numerical form.