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Vocabulary and its types
Words, so innocent and powerless as they are, standing in a dictionary; how potent for good and evil they become in the hands of one who knows how to choose and combine them.
Vocabulary is knowledge of words and word meanings in both oral and print language and in productive and receptive forms.
Word has form – written/verbal meaning – denotative/connotative usage. Three components of teaching vocabulary
Linguistic
Methodological
Psychological
Linguistic component
• Separate word
• Set expression/collocation
• Idioms
Psychological Component
• Recalling the word from long-term memory
• Including the word into speech
Methodological Component
• Instructions/Explanation:
• How to use dictionaries
• How to keep own logs/cards
• How to learn vocabulary individually
Oral and print vocabulary
Words come in two forms: oral and print:
Oral vocabulary includes those words that we recognize and use in listening
and speaking.
Print vocabulary includes those words that we recognize and use in reading and writing.
Receptive vocabulary & Productive vocabulary. Word knowledge also comes in two forms, receptive and productive. Receptive vocabulary includes words that we recognize when we hear or see them.
Productive vocabulary includes words that we use when we speak or write.
Receptive vocabulary is typically larger than productive vocabulary, and may include many words to which we assign some meaning, even if we don’t know their full definitions and connotations – or ever use them ourselves as we speak and write (Kamil & Hiebert, in press).
Active & Passive Vocabulary
• Active vocabulary is used in speaking and writing for expressing own thoughts
• Passive vocabulary is used for recognizing information through listening and reading
• Potential vocabulary
• Breadth of Vocabulary
• Basic user/Level A 1500
• Independent user/Level B 3000
• Proficient user / level C more than 5000
5. Teaching vocabulary
Three-phase Framework of Teaching Vocabulary
• Pre-activity
• While-activity
• Post-activity
• Pre-activity
Exploring vocabulary forms
Exploring vocabulary meaning
Exploring potential vocabulary use
Word Meaning Presentation
• Translation
• Non translation
• Using visual aids (objects, pictures, actions, sounds, context – learners’ age/stage/level)
• Synonyms/antonyms
• Using dictionaries
• Guessing