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Just why is integrated retrofitting better value than small efficiency measures?



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Positive Development From Vicious Circles to V

Just why is integrated retrofitting better value than small efficiency measures?
Whole building retrofits combine several systems to reduce resource usage synergistically. For example, 
Romm cites a commercial office in Portland that upgraded its lighting, roof insulation, windows and 
HVAC system to reduce energy consumption by 61 per cent – saving $130,000 per year. Better lighting 
combined with efficient windows and insulation can allow for smaller heating, ventilating and cooling 
systems. This can mean significant savings in capital, operational and maintenance costs, and even 
save valuable space. Better glazing and lighting systems can reduce the electricity usage of offices 
dramatically. However, increasing natural lighting through building design modifications, such as 
better glazing, light-shelves and light-wells, can be even more cost-effective. Once installed, these 
features require little electricity and involve relatively little maintenance. Facilities management is 
also a vital component of a whole building approach. An energy management control system that 
optimizes energy usage can ensure significant savings through more efficient operations and lower 
maintenance over time [Box 20]. The improved health and safety features associated with integrated 
retrofits can have even greater economic benefits than those gained from resource savings. Health 
and safety is increasingly understood as cost-effective in the long term.
How would retrofits improve the health and safety of building occupants?
Green design features measurably reduce absenteeism and sickness. The World Health Organisation 
found that a third of new buildings in the developed world generate complaints of ‘sick building 
syndrome’. Some buildings have been deemed uninhabitable and even unsalvageable shortly after 
construction, due to adverse health impacts. In fact, some have been vacated and demolished after 
only a few years. Looking at this in a positive way, healthy buildings could reduce a nation’s medical 
costs significantly. In fact, improvements to the built environment are one of the most economical 
forms of ‘preventative medicine’.
19
But opportunities to make positive improvements and cost savings 
are often ignored. Some years ago, an Australian study found that 62 per cent of occupants of 
228 low-rise offices in suburban Melbourne and 72 per cent of occupants of 511 Commonwealth 
Government offices considered the air in their buildings to be unacceptably stuffy. Although the 


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The Case for Eco-retrofitting
potential cost savings were calculated and documented by financial experts, few of these buildings 
were upgraded. Such lost opportunities are often concealed by administrative systems that separate 
capital and operational budgets. Further, the trend is for government agencies to become building 
tenants. Therefore they are less likely to set an example by ecological retrofitting. Another factor is 
the tendency to measure only the negatives. We focus on the adverse health and performance effects 
associated with poor lighting and indoor air quality, rather than assigning figures to the positive effects 
of good design [Chapter 4]. However, evidence is mounting that good air quality and lighting can 
measurably improve occupant health as well as reduce illnesses.

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