‘This is a wonderful book that should be on the desk of every architect and planner. It shows how

participatory planning 203–204, 209, 210
partnering 36, 256
partnerships, public–private 227–228, 256
passive solar design 100–103, 310
past decisions, costs 129
payback period, eco-retrofitting 35
people of colour 336
performance contracting 36, 40–41
performance criteria 
see
point systems
Perrier 187
perverse subsidies 225–226
Philippines 295
photovoltaic (PV) cells 299
piratization 22, 245
planning 201–216
adaptive management 206–208
bioregional 208–215
changes 21
choosing 205
competing interests 206
computer-based tools 323
Curitiba 12–13
decisions 145–146, 203
design 235–236
developers 128
disparities 221
diversity 205–206, 209
dominant approach 
see
linear-reductionist 
paradigm
eco-governance 221, 232
effectiveness 236
environmental 121, 202, 232–233
government 210–211
interdependency 203
investment options 215
new sphere 221
origins 124
outputs 216
participatory 203–204, 209, 210
performance orientation 122
pluralist 202–203
Positive Development 155, 247
public costs 128–129
resource transfers 245
SmartMode 265–266
sustainability 149, 229, 323
sustainable cities 25
systems design 58, 247
urban 202–203
urban ecology 247
see also
land uses; sustainability assessments
plant-based plastics 311
plastics 311
pluralist planning 202–203
POE (post-occupancy evaluation) 160
point systems 122–123
policies, responsibility for action 20
politics 141, 220, 221, 227, 228, 231–232
pollution, water 290
poor design 81
poor nations 11–12
poor people xviii, 6, 59, 248, 336
poor to rich, resource transfers 245–246
population 11, 133
Positive Development
creating 71
decision trees 333
definition xv, 8
design 237, 312
direct action 252
eco-retrofitting 41

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404
Positive Development
enabling 20–21
environmental professions 4–5
evolution towards 315
impediments 4
investment 130
life quality 135
overview 4
planning 155, 247
sustainability assessments (SAs) 120–121, 
123, 124, 130
transition 22, 341
triple bottom line criteria 15
see also
net positive development; 
SmartMode
positive impacts 80
post-occupancy evaluation (POE) 160
poverty 
see
poor people
power 153–154, 221, 222, 223, 224, 226
precautionary principle 203
precycling 66, 339
predicted impacts 
see
future impacts
prefabricated buildings 107–108
present performance 
see
actual performance
pressure–state–response (PSR) model 151
pricing, eco-services 183–184, 329–331
private property 224, 226
private sector 
see
businesses; industry; markets
problem definitions 254
procedural due process 255
producer responsibility 66, 159, 339
production, cleaner 240
productivity 330
product procurement, green building 313–314
progress, measuring 319
project boundaries, SmartMode 262–263
project objectives, SmartMode 257–258
property 224, 226
PSR (pressure–state–response) model 151
public agencies 
see
governments
public assets 
see
resource transfers
public estate 44, 46, 59, 126, 340
see also
space
public health 6–7, 28–29, 54, 106
public interest 225
public involvement 118–119, 323
see also
communities
public–private model 230
public–private partnerships 227–228, 256
public responsibilities 20
public sector 
see
governments
public spaces 135
public to private, resource transfers 245
PV (photovoltaic) cells 299